3.1.5.2 Plate Tectonics Flashcards

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1
Q

who was first to notice the jigsaw fit on SA and west africa and when

A

francis bacon

early 17th century

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2
Q

who published the theory of pangea and when

A

alfred wegener in 1912

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3
Q

what two continents did pangea split into

A

Laurasia

Gondwanaland

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4
Q

what evidence is there of pangea

A

similar rock types and fossils in africa and south america
jigsaw fit
magnetic field pattern in rocks containing iron

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5
Q

explain the evidence of the alternating magnetic field pattern in rocks

A

the reversal of the earths magnetic field meant that new rock at constructive margins would match that of the magnetic field
symmetry around the margin is evidence that the rocks are moving apart

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6
Q

which scientist developed the theory ofthe magnetic field pattern in rocks and when

A

Ewing

1948

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7
Q

characteristics of continental crust

A

up to 70km thick
+1500 million years old
mainly composed of granite, silicone, aluminium and oxygen

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8
Q

characteristics of oceanic crust

A

up to 10km thick
less than 200 million years old
mainly composed of basalt, silicon, magnesium and oxygen

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9
Q

what do plates float on

A

semi rigid asthenosphere

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10
Q

what are convection currents caused by

A

hot material in the deepest part of the mantle rising then cooling and sinking again

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11
Q

what is slab pull

A

the effect of gravity sinking the edge of an oceanic plate into the asthenospher and forms a trench

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12
Q

what is ridge push

A

plates pulling apart so magma rises where it cools and solidifies

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13
Q

what is paloemagnetism

A

the word used to describe sea floor spreading with the evidence of iron particles aligned in the worlds magnetic field

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14
Q

what is a divergent/constructive plate margin

A

crusts move apart to form new crust when magma rises in the gap

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15
Q

what is a convergent/destructive/subductive plate margin

A

when one plate moves under another

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16
Q

what do convergent/destructive margins make

A

mountain ranges, earthquakes, tsunamis and volcanoes

17
Q

what is a transform/conservative plate margin

A

when plates slide past each other and create earth quakes

lateral sliding

18
Q

example of constructive boundary

A

mid atlantic ridge, eurasian and north american plates

19
Q

example of destructive boundary

A

pacific and eurasian

20
Q

example of conservative plate boundary

A

north american and pacific (california)!!!!!!!