Shoulder Region

Question 1

Normal function of the shoulder region is critical in the use of the –.

Answer 1

upper extremity

Question 2

The shoulder region is functionally linked to –, thorax, posterior triangle of the neck and axilla.

Answer 2

the cervical spine

Question 3

The shoulder region is important in positioning the – for functional use.

Answer 3

hand

Question 4

extrinsic muscles

Answer 4

pectoralis muscles + serratus anterior and subclavius and superficial back muscle layer

Question 5

intrinsic muscles

Answer 5

deltoids and teres major and 4 rotator cuff muscles

Question 6

rotator cuff muscles

Answer 6

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis

Question 7

2 spaces

Answer 7

quadrangular space and triangular space

Question 8

axial skeleton

Answer 8

head
neck
trunk

Question 9

head

Answer 9

skull

Question 10

neck

Answer 10

hyoid bone &

cervical vertebrae

Question 11

trunk

Answer 11

sternum, ribs,
vertebrae, and
sacrum

Question 12

appendicular skeleton

Answer 12

limbs (pectoral/shoulder girdle and pelvic girdles)

Question 13

pectoral girdle

Answer 13

clavicle and scapula

Question 14

shoulder region

Answer 14

clavicle and scapula and proximal humerus

Question 15

muscles that attach only of bones of the shoulder

Answer 15

intrinsic muscles

Question 16

occupies the supraspinous fossa

Answer 16

supraspinatus

Question 17

occupies the infraspinous fossa

Answer 17

infraspinatus

Question 18

occupies the subscapular fossa

Answer 18

subscapularis

Question 19

attachment site for long head of biceps

Answer 19

supraglenoid tubercle

Question 20

attachment site for long head of triceps

Answer 20

infraglenoid tubercle

Question 21

extrinsic muscles of the shoulder include two groups of muscles that attach the upper limb (via the pectoral girdle) to the –

Answer 21

axial skeleton

Question 22

act upon the scapula

Answer 22

extrinsic muscles

Question 23

in order to position the hand, the scapula and humerus must move in a smoothly coordinated and integrated fashion

Answer 23

scapulohumeral rhythm

Question 24

superior rotation of scapula

Answer 24

glenoid cavity points superiorly

Question 25

inferior rotation of scapula

Answer 25

glenoid cavity points inferiorly

Question 26

What will happen to the scapula when the superior and inferior fibers of the trapezius and the serratus anterior contract together?

Answer 26

superior rotation of scapula

Question 27

upward rotation of scapula is necessary in order to abduct the –

Answer 27

arm straight overhead

Question 28

The scapulohumeral rhythm refers to the –.

Answer 28

integrated movement of the scapula and humerus together

Question 29

For every 2°of abduction at the glenohumeral joint, there is 1° of scapular rotation. Thus, when the arm is abducted 90°, 60° occurs at the glenohumeral joint, –.

Answer 29

30°occurs from scapular rotation

Question 30

most superficial “cap–like” muscle of the shoulder

Answer 30

deltoid

Question 31

deltoid is a major – of the humerus

Answer 31

abductor

Question 32

abduction must be initiated by – because the humerus must be abducted slightly before the deltoid can take over

Answer 32

supraspinatus

Question 33

teres major is – to the teres minor

Answer 33

inferior

Question 34

rotator cuff muscles form a common – called rotator cuff which then inserts onto the humerus

Answer 34

tendon

Question 35

rotator cuff forms a major support for the glenohumeral (shoulder joint)

Answer 35

rotator cuff

Question 36

rotator cuff is contained within the – and is frequently involved in pathology

Answer 36

suprahumeral “joint” space

Question 37

The rotator cuff is closely related to –, the biceps long head tendon, and thefibrous joint capsule of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint.

Answer 37

thesubacromial/subdeltoid bursa

Question 38

teres minor is – to the infraspinatus

Answer 38

inferior

Question 39

Rotator cuff injuriescan result from trauma(including sports) or from – (especially in the elderly)

Answer 39

degenerative processes

Question 40

The rotator cuff tendons cover the – of the shoulder joint.

Answer 40

fibrous capsule

Question 41

The rotator cuff itself is actually the – of the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis muscles which forms a “cuff” around the fibrous joint capsule of the humerus.

Answer 41

conjoined tendon

Question 42

Distally, the conjoined tendon separates into the – of these muscles

Answer 42

individual tendons

Question 43

Note that the shoulder joint is – by the cuff inferiorly.

Answer 43

not reinforced

Question 44

The – is an area of vascular anastomoses within the rotator cuff.

Answer 44

critical zone

Question 45

This anastomoses is alternately – or hyperemic depending on whether there is tension on the cuff.

Answer 45

ischemic

Question 46

often the site of degeneration, calcium deposits, and tears.

Answer 46

critical zone

Question 47

suprascapular nerve and artery are – to supraspinatus and infrspinatus

Answer 47

deep

Question 48

terminal branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus

Answer 48

axillary nerve

Question 49

is a branch of the 3rd part of the axillary artery

Answer 49

posterior circumflex humeral artery

Question 50

axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery wrap around the – of the humerus

Answer 50

surgical neck

Question 51

fracture of the humerus’s surgical neck can endanger the – and the circumflex humeral arteries

Answer 51

axillary nerve