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Anatomy Muscles > Shoulder Region > Flashcards

Shoulder Region Flashcards

1
Q

Muscles of shoulder region divided into what categories?

A

1.Extrinsic: originate from torso and attach to scapula, clavicle or humeus

  1. Intrinsic: originate from scapula/clavicle and attach to humerus
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2
Q

What are the extrinsic mucles of shoulder region (that connect upperlimb to vertebral column)?

A

Superficial
1.Trapezius
2.Latissimus dorsi
Deep
3. Levator scapula
4. Rhomboid Minor
5. Rhomboid Major

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3
Q

Where are extrinsic muscles of shoulder region located?

A

In the back- known as superficial back muscles

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4
Q

Shape of trapezius muscle?

A

Triangular

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5
Q

Nerve supply of trapezius muscle?

A

Spinal part of Accessory nerve (11th cranial nerve)

Cervical plexus C3 and C4

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6
Q

How many parts of trapezius?
And what are their origin and insertion?

A

3 parts:

  1. Descending (superior) part:
    Origin:
    -occipital bone
    - nuchal ligament
    -spine of 7th cervical vertebrae

Insertion:
lateral 3rd of clavicle

  1. Transverse (middle) part:
    Origin:
    spinal processes of 1st — 4th thoracic vertebrae

Insertion:
Acromion

  1. Ascending (inferior) part:
    Origin:
    5th -12th thoracic vertebrae**

Inserts
scapular spine

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7
Q

Action of trapezius?

A

Stabilizes shoulder blade (scapula)

  1. Upper fibre-
    Elevate the scapula
    Scapular elevation
  2. Middle fibres-
    Pull the scapula medially
    Scapular retraction
  3. lower fibres-
    Pull down the medial border of scapula
    Scapular depression

Also
Cervical spine extension and hyperextension

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8
Q

Which part of trapezius inserts at the spine of scapula?

A

Ascending or inferior group of fibres

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9
Q

Which part of trapezius inserts into acromion?

A

Transverse or middle fibres

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10
Q

Which part of trapezius inserts at the lateral 3rd of clavicle?

A

Descending or superior fibres

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11
Q

Vascular supply of trapezius?

A

1.Occipital Artery- descending fibres

  1. Transverse Cervical Artery-
    Transverse fibres
  2. Dorsal Scapular Artery-
    Ascending fibres
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12
Q

Lateral flexion of cervical spine is caused by which muscle?

A

Trapezius

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13
Q

What is meant by term iatrogenic in anatomy?

A

Iatrogenic refers to a condition or illness that is caused by medical treatment or procedures.
an injury that is caused by a medical professional.

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14
Q

What is biopsy?

A

Biopsy is a medical procedure that involves removing a small sample of tissue for examination.

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15
Q

What is accessory nerve?
And accessory nerve damage?

A

The accessory nerve is a cranial nerve that controls the movement of certain muscles in the neck and shoulders, including the :
trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles.

Damage to the accessory nerve can result in weakness or paralysis of the muscles it controls, leading to difficulty moving the head and shoulders.

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16
Q

What are the causes of accessory nerve damage?

A

Iatrogenic causes (due to a medical procedure)
1. Cervical lymph node biopsy
2. Cannulation of internal jugular vein

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17
Q

How accessory nerve damage is tested?

A

By assessing Trapezius function

18
Q

Origin of latissimus dorsi?

A

Spinal process of lower six thoracic vertebrae (T7- T12)

Lumbar vertebrae (l1- l5)

Ileac crest

Sacrum

Inferior angle of scapula

Lower 3 or 4 ribs

19
Q

Insertion of latissimus dorsi?
And its insertion point lies between which 2 muscles?

A

Floor of the bicipital groove (Intertubercular sulcus) of humerus

Between:
(The lady between two majors)

  1. Pectoralis major(inserts to lateral lip of intertubercular groove)
  2. Teres Major ( inserts to medial lip of intertubercular groove)
20
Q

Nerve supply of latissimus dorsi?l

A

Thoracodorsal nerve

21
Q

Which artery supplies latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal Artery

22
Q

Action of latissimus dorsi?

A

Extends
Adducts
Medially rotates the arm

23
Q

What is the largest muscle of the back?

A

Latissimus dorsi

24
Q

The nerve fibres of latissimus dorsi arise from?

A

Ventral rami of spinal nerves

25
Q

Thoracodorsal artery is a branch of?

A

Subscapular artery which is the largest branch of axillary artery

26
Q

Location of levator scapula in terms of trapezius?

A

Deep to trapezius

27
Q

Location of levator scapula?

A

Forms floor of lateral cervical region

28
Q

Origin of levator scapula?

A

Transverse process of first 4 cervical vertebrae

29
Q

Insertion of levator scapula?

A

Medial border of scapula

30
Q

Nerve supply of levator scapula?

A

-C3 and C4
-dorsal scapular nerve

31
Q

Function of levator scapula?

A

Elevation of medial border of scapula

Lateral flexion of cervical spine

(Trapezius muscle assists it in both of these functions)

32
Q

Muscles that are deep to trapezius?

A

1.Levator scapula
2. Rhomboid Major
3. Rhomboid minor

33
Q

Which of the rhomboids is on the upper side?

A

Rhomboid minor is upper
Rhomboid major is just inferior to it

34
Q

Both rhomboids connect medial border of scapula to?

A

Vertebral column

35
Q

Origin of rhomboid minor?

A

Ligamentum nuchae
Spine of 7th cervical vertebrae
1st thoracic vertebrae
(C7 - T1)

36
Q

Insertion of rhomboid minor?

A

Medial border of scapula
At the level of the spine of scapula

37
Q

Origin of rhomboid major?

A

2nd -5th thoracic spines
(T2 - T5)

38
Q

Insertion of rhomboid major?

A

Medial border of scapula
Between scapula spine and inferior angle

39
Q

Both rhomboids are supplied by which nerve?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

40
Q

Function of rhomboid muscles?

A

Scapula adduction-
Raise the medial border of scapula upward and medially

41
Q

Which is the 11th cranial nerve?
And not a part of brachial plexus?

A

The accessory nerve

Anatomy Muscles (8 decks)

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