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Anterior Compartment Of Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

How many layers of muscles of anterior compartments of forearm?

A

3
1. Superficial
2. Intermediate
3. Deep

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2
Q

Name the muscles of anterior compartment of forearm indifferent layers?

A

Superficial

  1. Pronator teres
  2. Flexor Carpi Radialis
  3. Palmaris longus
  4. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Intermediate

  1. Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Deep

  1. Flexor Digitorum Profundus
  2. Flexor Pollicis Longus
  3. Pronator Quadratus
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3
Q

How many heads of pronator teres?
Origin of pronator teres?
Insertion?

A

Two heads:

Origin
1.humeral head
Medial epicondyl of humerus
2.ulnar head
Coronoid process of Ulna

Insertion
Lateral aspect of radius

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4
Q

Action of pronator teres?

A

Pronation and flexion of forearm

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5
Q

Innervation of pronator teres?

A

Median nerve
(Branch of brachial plexus)

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6
Q

All muscles of anterior aspect of forearm are innervated by median nerve except?

A

1.Flexor carpi ulnaris -

ulnar nerve

  1. Medial half of Flexor digitorum profundus -

Ulnar nerve (medial half)
Median nerve (only lateral half)

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7
Q

Anterior (volar) compartment of forearm is separated from posterior compartment by?

A

Interosseous membrane-
That unites radius and ulna

Lateral intermuscular septum
That connects to radius

Bones
Radius
Ulna

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8
Q

What is golfer’s elbow?

A

Golfer’s elbow, or medial epicondylitis,
is a condition that causes pain and inflammation in the tendons that attach the forearm muscles to the inside of the elbow.

Overuse of flexor muscles

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9
Q

Inflammation of medial epicondyl or tendons of flexor muscles of forearm causes?

A

Golfer’s elbow

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10
Q

Common origin of muscles of anterior compartment (flexors)?

A

Medial epicondyl

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11
Q

Origin and insertion of palmaris longus?

A

Origin
Medial epicondyl of humerus

Insertion
Flexor retinaculum and
Palmar aponeurosis

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12
Q

Which muscle lies immediately medial to palmaris longus?

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris

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13
Q

How many heads of flexor carpi ulnaris?
Origin?

A

Two heads:

Humeral head
Medial epicondyl of humerus

Ulnar head
Olecrannon process and
Posterior border of ulna

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14
Q

Insertion of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Pisiform bone
Hook of hamate
Base of fifth metacarpal bone (pinky side)

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15
Q

Action of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Flexes the wrist
Adducts the hand at wrist joint

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16
Q

Difference in function of fkexor carpi ulnaris and flexor carpi radialis?

A

Radialis
Abducts the hand at the wrist joint

Ulnaris
Adducts the hand at the wrist joint

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17
Q

Just Lateral to palmaris longus is?

A

Flexor carpi radialis

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18
Q

Origin and insertion of flexor carpi radialis?

A

Origin:
Medial epicondyl of humerus

Insertion:
Base of 2nd & 3rd metacarpal bone

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19
Q

Action of flexor carpi radialis?

A

Flexes and Abducts the hand at the wrist joint

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20
Q

Which of the muscles of the anterior compartment of forearms have 2 heads?

A
  1. Pronator teres
    Humeral head
    Ulnar head (Coronoid process of ulna)
  2. Flexor carpi ulnaris
    Humeral head
    Ulnar head (olecrannon process and posterior border of the ulna)
  3. Flexor digitorum superficialis
    Humeroulnar head
    Radial head (oblique line on anterior surface of shaft of radius)
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21
Q

What is the origin of ulnar heads of pronator teres and flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Pronator teres
Ulnar head:
Coronoid process of ulna

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Ulnar head:
Olecrannon process and
Posterior border of the ulna

22
Q

How many heads of flexor digitorum superficialis? Their origin?

A

Humeroulnar head
(Origin)
Medial epicondyl of humerus

Radial head
(Origin)
oblique line on anterior surface of shaft of radius

23
Q

How many tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis that pass through carpal tunnel?

24
Q

Tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis run over or under to flexor retinaculum?

25
Insertion of flexor digitorum superficialis?
**Middle phalanx** Of **medial** 4 fingers: Index Middle Ring Little
26
Why does the tendon of flexor digitorum superficialis split when they insert onto middle phalanx?
It splits and iserts into **lateral* margin of middle phalyns To allow the passage of **flexor digitorum *profundus*** which attaches to distal phalanx **S**uperficialis **S**plits **P**rofundus **P**asses through
27
Action of flexor digitorum superficialis?
Flexes the middle phalanx of the fingers Assists in flexing the proximal phalanx and hand
28
Origin of flexor digitorum profundus? And its insertion
**origin** Anterior surface of shaft of **ulna** Interosseous membrane **Insertion** *Distal* phalanx of the middle 4 fingers
29
How many tendons of flexor digitorum profundus pass through carpal tunnel?
4 tendons
30
Muscle of anterior compartment that acts on the thumb?
Flexor pollicis longus
31
Action of flexor pollicis longus?
Flexes the distal phalanx of thumb
32
Flexor pollicis longus runsover or under to flexor retinaculum?
Underneath it
33
What muscles of anterior compartment run underneath the flexor retinaculum?
1. Flexor Pollicis longus 2. Flexor digitorum profundus (4 tendons) 3. Flexor digitorum superficialis (4 tendons)
34
What flexor muscle of anterior compartment of forearm run over the flexor retinaculum?
Palmaris longus
35
Origin and insertion of flexor pollicis longus?
**origin** Anterior surface of shaft of radius **Insertion** Distal phalanx of thumb
36
Pronator quadratus lies underneath tendons of which 2 muscles?
1.Flexor pollicis longus 2.Flexor digitorum profundus
37
Origin and insertion of pronator quadratus?
**origin** Anterior surface of shaft of **ulna** **Insertion** Anterior surface of shaft of **radius**
38
Which muscle forms the medial border of cubital fossa?
Lateral border of **pronator teres** The lateral border of cubital fossa- brachoradialis
39
What artery and nerve pass between two heads of flexor digitorum superficialis?
1. Median nerve 2. Ulnar artery
40
The flexor muscles that originates from radius?
1. **Flexor digitorum superficialis:** Radial head----- **Oblique line** on the anterior surface of radius 2. **Flexor pollicis longus**
41
The 2 muscles that originate from anterior surface of shaft of ulna?
1. Flexor digitorum profundus (also from interosseous membrane) 2. Pronator quadratus
42
Metacarpophalangeal **(MCP)** and proximal interphalangeal joints **(PIP)**are flexed by?
Flexor digitorum superficialis Can Also by flexor digitorum profundus
43
The only muscle that can flex the distal interphalangeal **(DIP)** joints?
Flexor digitorum profundus Also can flex MCP
44
Innervation of flexor digitorum profundus?
1.**medial half** Acts on; *Little finger* *Ring finger* By **ulnar nerve** 2. **Lateral half** Acts on: *Middle finger* *Index finger* By **median nerve**(its anterior interosseous branch)
45
Innervation of flexor pollicis longus?
Median nerve (anterior interosseous branch)
46
Innervation of pronator quadratus?
Median nerve (anterior interosseous branch)
47
The branch of median nerve that supplies deep muscles of anterior compartment of forearm?
**Anterior Interosseous branch** of median nerve
48
Difference in Origin of flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus?
**superficialis** Radius (radial head- oblique line of shaft of radius) **Profundus** Ulnar shaft
49
What are the contents of cubital fossa?
**MBBR** (medial to lateral) **M**edian nerve **B**rachial artery (bifurcates to radial and ulnar artery) **B**iceps Tendon **R**adial nerve
50
Why is ulnar nerve not a part of cubital fossa?
It passes behind (posterior) the medial epicondyl of humerus

Anatomy Muscles (8 decks)

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