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Human Anatomy 1 -- Zach H. > Shoulder Lecture > Flashcards

Shoulder Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of fibrous, solid joints?

A
  • sutures
  • syndesmoses
  • gomphoses
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2
Q

What are the different types of cartilagenous, solid joints?

A
  • synchondroses
  • symphyses
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3
Q

True or False:

Most joints in the body are synovial joints?

A

True

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4
Q

What are the characteristics of a synovial joint?

A
  • joint capsule
    • inner synovial membrane
    • outer fibrous capsule
  • hyaline carilage
  • some have articular disc
  • typically very mobile
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5
Q

Do snyarthrosis joints have any movement?

A

NO

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6
Q

Which type of joint has little movement ?

a) synarthrosis
b) amphiarthrosis
c) diarthrosis

A

b) amphiarthrosis

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7
Q

Do diarthrosis joints have axial movement?

A

NO, they are non-axial movement joints. (most synovial joints)

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8
Q

What type of joint are most synovial joints?

a) synarthrosis
b) amphiarthrosis
c) diarthrosis

A

c) diarthrosis

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9
Q

What muscle groups are considered “shoulder muscles”?

A

Axioappendicular = connect the axial skeleton to the upper arm

  • anterior structures part of pectoral region
  • posterior structures part to back region (specifically hypaxial since they act on the limbs)

Scapulohumeral = connect the scapula to the humerus

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10
Q

Shoulder Joint (glenohumeral joint)

A
  • synovial joint
  • diarthrotic
  • multiaxial
  • ball and socket (“cup and saucer”)
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11
Q

Which two ligaments make up the coracoclavicular ligament?

A
  • trapezoid ligament
  • conoid ligament
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12
Q

Between which two tendons is the subacromial bursa locate?

A

between acromion and supraspinatus tendon

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13
Q

Between what join and muscle is the subdeltoid bursa located?

A

between deltoid muscle and joint capsule

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14
Q

What is the subcoracoid bursa found located between?

A

between subscapularis muscle and coracoid process….may be fused with subscapular bursa

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15
Q

Where is the subscapular bursa found located in-between? Also, can it communicate with the synovial cavity of joint?

A

between subscapularis muscle and joint capsule, communicates with synovial cavity of joint

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16
Q

True or False:

The subacromial bursa, subdeltoid bursa, and asubcoracoid bursa may communicate with each other, but not with the synovial cavity of the glenohumeral joint.

A

True

17
Q

What can cause impingement syndrome of the shoulder?

A
  • supraspinatus tendon (tendonitis)
  • can involve subacromial bursa (bursitis)
18
Q

Which muscles attach the scapula to the humerus?

A
  • deltoid
  • teres major
  • rotator cuff muscles
    • subscapularis
    • supraspinatus
    • infraspinatus
    • teres minor
19
Q

Fill in the Blank:

Scapulohumeral muscles _____ on the scapula and _____ to the humerus.

A

originate; attach

20
Q

What are the muscles that attach the scapula to the humerus called?

A

scapulohumeral muscles

21
Q

What is the proximal/distal attachment, actions, innervation, and blood supply to the deltoid?

A

Proximal Attachment:

  • lateral 1/3 of clavicle
  • acromion of scapula
  • spine of scapula

Distal Attachment:

  • deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Actions:

  • flexes humerus
  • medially rotates humerus
  • abducts humerus
  • extends humerus
  • laterally rotates humerus

Innervation:

  • axillary nerve

Blood Supply:

  • posterior circumflex humeral artery
  • thoracoacromial artery (branches from axillary artery)
22
Q

Which division of the brachial plexus does the axillary nerve come off of?

A

posterior division of brachial plexus

23
Q

What is the proximal/distal attachment, actions, innervation, and blood supply of the teres major muscle?

A

Proximal Attachment

  • posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula

Distal Attachment:

  • medial lip of intertubercular (bicipital) groove of humerus

Actions:

  • adducts humerus
  • medially rotates humerus

Innervation:

  • lower subscapular nerve

Blood Supply:

  • subscapular artery
  • circumflex scapular arteries
24
Q

Which division of the brachial plexus does the lower subscapular nerve arise from?

A

Posterior Division

25
Q

What is the proximal/distal attachments, actions, innervation, and blood supply to the supraspinatus?

A

Proximal Attachment:

  • supraspinous fossa of scapula

Distal Attachment:

  • superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

Actions:

  • works with deloid in abduction of humerus
  • acts with other rotator cuff muscles in stabilizing shoulder joint

Innervation:

  • suprascapular nerve

Blood Supply:

  • Suprascapular artery
26
Q

Which division of the brachial plexus does the suprascapular nerve arise?

A

anterior division

27
Q

What is the proximal/distal attachments, actions, innervation, and blood supply of the subscapularis?

A

Proximal Attachment:

  • subscapular fossa (anterior surface of scapula)

Distal Attachment:

  • lesser tubercle of humerus

Actions:

  • medially rotates humerus
  • adducts humerus
  • helps hold humeral head in place

Innervation:

  • upper subscapular nerve
  • lower subscapular nerve

Blood Supply:

  • subscapular artery
28
Q

Which division off of the brachial plexus does the upper and lower subscapular nerves arise?

A

posterior division

29
Q

What is the proximal/distal attachments, actions, innervation, and blood supply of the infraspinatus muscle?

A

Proximal Attachment:

  • infraspinous fossa of scapula

Distal Attachment:

  • middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus

Actions:

  • laterally rotates humerus
  • helps hold humeral head in place

Innervation:

  • suprascapular nerve

Blood Supply:

  • suprascapular artery
  • circumflex scapular artery
30
Q

Which rotator cuff muscles is the largest and strongest?

A

Subscapularis

31
Q

What can subscarpularis injuries lead to?

A

Bicipital tendon instability and biceps tendonitis (because of tranverse humeral ligament).

32
Q

Which division of the brachial plexus does the suprascapular nerve arise from?

A

anterior division

33
Q

What is the proximal/distal attachments, actions, innervation, and blood supply of the teres minor muscle?

A

Proximal Attachment:

  • middle part of lateral border of scapula

Distal Attachment:

  • inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

Actions:

  • laterally rotates humerus
  • helps hold humeral head in place

Innervation:

  • axillary nerve

Blood Supply:

  • subscapular artery
  • circumflex scapular artery
34
Q

What are the 4 named spaces and triangles of the superficial back (posterior axio-appendicular) and scapular regions (scapulohumeral)?

A
  1. triangle of auscultation
  2. quadrangular space
  3. triangular space
  4. triangular interval
35
Q

What is important about the trangle of auscultation?

A

Physician can listen for breath sounds because there’s less tissue in the way in the triangle of auscultation.

36
Q

What nerve and artery are found in the quadrangular space?

A
  • axillary nerve
  • posterior circumflex humeral artery
37
Q

What artery is found in the triangular space?

A

circumflex scapular artery

38
Q

What nerve and artery is found in the triangular interval?

A
  • deep brachial artery
  • radial nerve
39
Q
A

Human Anatomy 1 -- Zach H. (8 decks)

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