Shoulder Lecture Flashcards
What are the 3 types of fibrous, solid joints?
- sutures
- syndesmoses
- gomphoses
What are the different types of cartilagenous, solid joints?
- synchondroses
- symphyses
True or False:
Most joints in the body are synovial joints?
True
What are the characteristics of a synovial joint?
- joint capsule
- inner synovial membrane
- outer fibrous capsule
- hyaline carilage
- some have articular disc
- typically very mobile
Do snyarthrosis joints have any movement?
NO
Which type of joint has little movement ?
a) synarthrosis
b) amphiarthrosis
c) diarthrosis
b) amphiarthrosis
Do diarthrosis joints have axial movement?
NO, they are non-axial movement joints. (most synovial joints)
What type of joint are most synovial joints?
a) synarthrosis
b) amphiarthrosis
c) diarthrosis
c) diarthrosis
What muscle groups are considered “shoulder muscles”?
Axioappendicular = connect the axial skeleton to the upper arm
- anterior structures part of pectoral region
- posterior structures part to back region (specifically hypaxial since they act on the limbs)
Scapulohumeral = connect the scapula to the humerus
Shoulder Joint (glenohumeral joint)
- synovial joint
- diarthrotic
- multiaxial
- ball and socket (“cup and saucer”)
Which two ligaments make up the coracoclavicular ligament?
- trapezoid ligament
- conoid ligament
Between which two tendons is the subacromial bursa locate?
between acromion and supraspinatus tendon
Between what join and muscle is the subdeltoid bursa located?
between deltoid muscle and joint capsule
What is the subcoracoid bursa found located between?
between subscapularis muscle and coracoid process….may be fused with subscapular bursa
Where is the subscapular bursa found located in-between? Also, can it communicate with the synovial cavity of joint?
between subscapularis muscle and joint capsule, communicates with synovial cavity of joint
True or False:
The subacromial bursa, subdeltoid bursa, and asubcoracoid bursa may communicate with each other, but not with the synovial cavity of the glenohumeral joint.
True
What can cause impingement syndrome of the shoulder?
- supraspinatus tendon (tendonitis)
- can involve subacromial bursa (bursitis)
Which muscles attach the scapula to the humerus?
- deltoid
- teres major
- rotator cuff muscles
- subscapularis
- supraspinatus
- infraspinatus
- teres minor
Fill in the Blank:
Scapulohumeral muscles _____ on the scapula and _____ to the humerus.
originate; attach
What are the muscles that attach the scapula to the humerus called?
scapulohumeral muscles
What is the proximal/distal attachment, actions, innervation, and blood supply to the deltoid?
Proximal Attachment:
- lateral 1/3 of clavicle
- acromion of scapula
- spine of scapula
Distal Attachment:
- deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Actions:
- flexes humerus
- medially rotates humerus
- abducts humerus
- extends humerus
- laterally rotates humerus
Innervation:
- axillary nerve
Blood Supply:
- posterior circumflex humeral artery
- thoracoacromial artery (branches from axillary artery)
Which division of the brachial plexus does the axillary nerve come off of?
posterior division of brachial plexus
What is the proximal/distal attachment, actions, innervation, and blood supply of the teres major muscle?
Proximal Attachment
- posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
Distal Attachment:
- medial lip of intertubercular (bicipital) groove of humerus
Actions:
- adducts humerus
- medially rotates humerus
Innervation:
- lower subscapular nerve
Blood Supply:
- subscapular artery
- circumflex scapular arteries
Which division of the brachial plexus does the lower subscapular nerve arise from?
Posterior Division
