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anatomy > shoulder girdle and shoulder joint > Flashcards

shoulder girdle and shoulder joint Flashcards

1
Q

the shoulder (glenohumeral) joint is formed by articulation of

A

the head of the humerus and glenoid fossa of scapula

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2
Q

what is each articular surface covered by

A

hyaline cartilage

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3
Q

fibrous membrane of joint capsule attaches to what

A

the margin of the glenoid cavity

anatomical neck of the humerus

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4
Q

fibrous membrane thickens to form what

A

ligaments

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5
Q

what ligaments are found anteriorsuperiorly

A

Superior, middle and inferior glenohumeral ligaments

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6
Q

what lies superiorly between coracoid process and the humerus

A

coracohumeral ligament

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7
Q

what is between the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus

A

the transverse humeral ligament

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8
Q

what is between the ciracoid process and acromion process

A

coraco-acromial ligament

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9
Q

what is the function of bursae

A

to reduce friction between tendons and other structures

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10
Q

where is the subtendinous bursa found

A

Between subscapularis muscle and fibrous membrane

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11
Q

where is the subacromial(subdeltoid) bursa found

A

Between acromion and supraspinatus muscle
- Between deltoid and supraspinatus muscles

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12
Q

the shoulder girdle is formed by

A

the scapula and clavicle

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13
Q

the girdle is the link between

A

the thorax and upper limb

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14
Q

origin of the trapezius muscle

A

Superior nuchal line
- External occipital protuberance
- Nuchal ligament
- Spinous processes of C7 to T12

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15
Q

insertion of the trapezius muscle

A

Upper fibres on lateral 1
3 of the clavicle
- Middle fibres on acromion and scapula spine
- Lower fibres on tubercle of scapula spine

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16
Q

innervation of the trapezius muscle

A

Accessory nerve (CN XI)

17
Q

actions of the trapezius muscle

A

Scapula elevation, scapula rotation during abduction (Upper)
- Scapula retraction (Middle fibres)
- Scapula depression (Lower fibres)

18
Q

facts about the lecators scapulae muscle

A

Origin
- Transverse processes of C1-C4
* Insertion
- Superior border of the scapula
* Action
- Shoulder elevation
- Assists in lateral rotation of the scapula *Innervation
- Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
- Anterior rami of C3-C5 spinal nerves

19
Q

facts about the rhomboid minor muscle

A

Lies deep to trapezius
* Origin
- Lower end of nuchal ligament
- Spinous process of C7 – T1
* Insertion
- Medial border of the scapula
- Until root of the spine of the scapula

20
Q

facts about the rhomboid major muscle

A

Lies deep to trapezius, inferior to the rhomboid minor
* Origin
- Spinous process of T1 – T4
* Insertion
- Medial border of the scapula
- Until the inferior angle of the scapula

21
Q

facts about the rhomboid minor and major

A

Action
- Holds scapula against the thoracic wall
- Retracts the scapula
- Assists in elevation of the scapula
* Innervation
- Dorsal scapular nerve (C4 - C5)

22
Q

facts about the serratus anterior muscle

A

Origins
- Finger-like processes from ribs 1 – 8 laterally
* Insertion
- Costal surface of the medial border of the scapula
* Actions
- Holds scapula against the thoracic wall
- Protraction and rotation (in abduction) of the scapula
* Innervation
- Long thoracic nerve (C5 - C7)

23
Q

facts about the subclavios muscle

A

Origin
- First rib and its costal cartilage
* Insertion
- Inferior surface of the middle 1
3 of the clavicle
* Action
- Anchors and depresses the clavicle
* Innervation
- Nerve to subclavius (C5 – C6)

24
Q

facts about the pectoralis major muscle

A
  • Lies deep to the breast
  • Separated from it via the deep fascia
  • It has 3 origins
  • Anterior border of the medial half of the clavicle
  • Anterior surface of the sternum and ribs 1-7 costal cartilage
  • Aponeurosis of the External oblique muscle
  • Insertion
  • Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
    *Action
  • Adduction
  • Medial rotation
  • Clavicular fibres flex at the shoulder joint
  • Innervation
  • Medial and lateral pectoral nerve
25
Q

pectoralis minor muscle

A

Origin
- Anterior surfaces and superior border of ribs 3 to 5
* Insertion
- Medial border of the coracoid process of the scapula
* Action
- Protracts and depresses shoulder
* Innervation by the Medial pectoral nerve

26
Q

facts about the latissimus dorsi muscle

A

Origin
- Spinous processes of T7 to L5
- Posterior surface of the sacrum
- Posterior part of iliac crest
- Rib 9 - 12
* Insertion
- Floor of the intertubercular sulcus
* Action
- Extension
- Medial rotation
- Adduction
* Innervation
- Thoracodorsal nerve (C6 – C8)

27
Q

facts about the deltoid muscle

A

Origin
- Anterior border of the lateral 1
3 of the clavicle
- Inferior lip/edge of the spine of the scapula
- Lateral border of acromion
* Insertion
- Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus Action
- Major abductor at the shoulder joint beyond 15°
- Anterior fibres flex and medially rotate
- Posterior fibres extend and laterally rotate
* Innervation
- Axillary nerve (C5 – C6)

28
Q

facts about the teres major muscle

A

Origin
- Posterior surface of the inferior angle of the scapula
- On the lateral border
* Insertion
- Medial lip of the intertubercular groove
* Action
- Medial rotation and extension
* Innervation
- Lower subscapular nerve (C5 - C7)

29
Q

facts about the supraspinatus muscle (Rotator cuff)

A

Origin
- Supraspinous fossa
* Insertion
- Superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus
* Action
- Initiation of abduction
* Innervation
- Suprascapular nerve (C5 – C6)

30
Q

facts about the infraspinatus muscle(Rotator cuff)

A

Origin
- Infraspinous fossa
* Insertion
- Middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus
* Action
- Lateral rotation
* Innervation
- Suprascapular nerve (C5 – C6)

31
Q

facts about the teres minor muscle(Rotator cuff)

A

Origin
- Upper 2
3 of the posterior surface of the lateral border of the scapula
* Insertion
- Inferior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus
* Action
- Lateral rotation
* Innervation
- Axillary nerve (C5-C6)

32
Q

facts about the subcapularis muscle(Rotator cuff)

A

Origin
- Upper 2
3 of the posterior surface of the lateral border of the scapula
* Insertion
- Inferior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus
* Action
- Lateral rotation
* Innervation
- Axillary nerve (C5-C6)
SHOULDER GIRDLE

anatomy (9 decks)

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