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PT 603 Anatomy > Shoulder Girdle > Flashcards

Shoulder Girdle Flashcards

1
Q

Conoid tubercle

A

serves as superior attachment site for the conoid ligament portion of the coracoclavicular ligament

On the CLAVICLE lateral inferior surface

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2
Q

Trapezoid line

A

lateral roughening and represents the superior attachment of the trapezoid ligament portion of the coracoclavicular ligament

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3
Q

The spine of the scapula: Dorsal

A

Cranial lip

Caudal lip: attachment site for superficial back mm

Suprascapular fossa: shallow depression on dorsal surface of scapulae superior to spine and serves as PA for supraspinatus mm

Infrascapular fossa: larger yet shallow depression on dorsal surface of scapuale inferior to spine of the scapulae and serves as the PA for infraspinatus mm

Acromion: anterolateral projection of the spine of the scapula that arches over the glenoid fossa

Greater scapular notch: (spinoglenoid notch)

region b/w lateral angle of scapula and attachment of spine to dorsal surface–suprascapular nerve and artery transverse this notch to travel from suprascapular fossa to infrascapular fossa to supply the mm that lie on dorsal aspect of scapulae

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4
Q

Scapular Ventral landmarks

A

Subscapular fossa: region provides attachment of subscapularis

Coracoid process: serves as attachment for:
Muscles: short head of biceps brachii

coracobrachialis

Pec minor

Ligaments: coracoclavicular

coracoacromial

coracohumeral

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5
Q

Scapula Lateral Border landmarks

A

Glenoid fossa: shallow; articulates with head of the humerus to form GH jt

Supraglenoid tubercle: small roughening located superior to glenoid cavity—site of LH biceps brachii attachment

Infraglenoid tubercle: large triangular shaped roughening inferior to glenoid cavity—site of attachment for the LH of triceps brachii

Groove for the scapular circumflex artery: small shallow area on the lateral border of scapula

Allows for passage of the scapular circumflex a from anterior to posterior

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6
Q

Suprascapular notch

A

small but distinct notch that lies immediately medial to the root of the coracoid process

suprascapular nerve passes through the notch

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7
Q

Proximal Humerus

A

proximal end of humerus consists of the head, anatomical neck, greater and lesser tubercles, surgical neck, and superior 1/2 the shaft

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8
Q

The head of the humerus

A

Half-sphere which projects medially and somewhat superiorly

Angle of inclination 130-150 from shaft (frontal plane)

Angle of torsion-posterior torsion, retrotorsion ~30

Articulates with the glenoid fossa of the scapula

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9
Q

Anatomical neck of humerus

A

very short narrow constriction immediately distal to the head

Laterally lies b/w the head and the greater and lesser tubercles

Medially-lies between the head and the shaft

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10
Q

Deltoid tuberosity

A

A large V-shaped roughening on the lateral surface of the humerus midway along its length

Continuous with the lateral lip of the intertubercular sulcus

serves as distal attachement site of the deltoid

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11
Q

Surgical Neck

A

this region is oriented in the horizontal plane b/w the expanded proximal part of the humerus and the narrower shaft

the axillary N and posterior circumflex humeral artery do so immediately posterior to the surgical neck

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12
Q

Sternoclavicular Joint (SC)

A

Only location where UE is attached to axial skeleton

Members include: sternal end of clavicle; manubrium; 1st costal cartilage

Classification: synovial; unmodified saddle/sellar

Articular disc: fibrocartilage/divides the joint into 2 compartments

Osteokinematic motions:

Elevation/depression

Protraction/Retraction

Anterior/Posterior rotation

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13
Q

Anterior/Posterior Sternoclavicular: ligament

A

Located anterior and posterior to the SC jt

Resist anterior and posterior translation of the clavicle respectfully

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14
Q

Interclavicular Ligament

A

Links the ends of the 2 clavicles to each other and to the superior surface of the manubrium

Resists inferior translation of the clavicles

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15
Q

Costoclavicular Ligament

A

Lateral to the joint

Links the proximal end of the clavicle to the first rib and related costal cartilage

RESISTS elevation of the clavicle

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16
Q

Acromioclavicular (AC) Jt

A

Members: Lateral end of clavicle;acromion of scapula

Classification: synovial; modified ovoid/planar

Motion available:

Anterior/posterior glide

Superior/Inferior glide

Rotation

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17
Q

Acromioclavicular ligament

A

Superior to the joint

Connects adjacent regions of the clavicle and acromion

Resists: superior translation of the joint members

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18
Q

Coracoclavicular Ligament

A

From the coracoid process to the inferior surface of the acromial end of the clavicle

2 components:

Conoid portion: attaches to the conoid tubercle posteriorly

Trapezoid portion: attaches to the trapezoid line anteriorly

Fxns: Provides weight bearing support for the upper limb on the clavicle

Maintains the position of the clavicle on the acromion

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19
Q

Glenohumeral Joint

A

Members of GH joint

  • glenoid fossa
  • humeral head

Classification:

Synovial

Unmodified Ovoid/Spheroidal

**Motions available: **

Flexion/Extension

Abduction/Adduction

Internal/External rotation

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20
Q

Capsule of GH joint: Unique features

A

Unique features: Large 2x the size of humeral head; loose capsule w/shoulder in neutral, taut superiorly, slack inferior and anterior in the neutral position.

Long head of biceps is INTRAcapsular

Inferior capsule is least reinforced

Anteriorly the capsule is most reinforced

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21
Q

Openings in the capsule of GH

A

For subscapularis bursa

b/w tubercles of the humerus (biceps)

For infraspinatus bursa

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22
Q

Fibrous membrane attaches to the

A

margins of the glenoid cavity

shaft of the humerus inferior to the anatomical neck

23
Q

Labrum

A

Fibrocartilage ring attaches to the margin of the fossa

Wedge shaped in cross section

Superiorly the labrum blends with Long head of the biceps brachii

Fxn: increase articular surface of glenoid fossa

24
Q

Glenohumeral ligament: intrinsic “z” ligament

A

PA: superior medial to glenoid margin

DA: superior portion-lesser tubercle of humerus

middle portion-inferior aspect of lesser tubercle

inferior portion-inferior aspect of the anatomical neck

Fxns: check anterior glide, lateral rotation of GH jt

25
Q

Coracohumeral ligament

A

Broad thickening of the superior capsule region

Attaches: lateral coracoid process to the anterior aspect of the greater tubercle and lesser tubercles

Fxn: limits inferior translation of the humerus due to gravity

limits ER of GH joint

26
Q

Coracoacromial ligament

A

Strong, broad triangular ligament

Attaches: base of coracoid process to the apex of the acromion

Fxns: forms coracoacromial arch

27
Q

Transverse Humeral Ligament

A

Attaches: anterior aspects of the tubercles of the humerus

FXNS: holds the tendon of the LH of the biceps in the interubercular sulcus

28
Q

Coracoacromial Arch

A

Defined as-coracoid process, coracoacromial ligament, acromion

Fxn: forms the roof of the subacromial space, prevents superior translation of humeral head

Contents: supraspinatus mm

subacromial bursa

tendon of LH of biceps

Pathology relationship: impingement is possible if humerus is LR during elevation of UE

29
Q

Subscapular bursa

A

Evagination of capsule anteriorly b/w the subscapualris and the humeral neck

Fxns: protect the tendon in the region of the coracoid process

30
Q
A
31
Q

Subacromial bursa/ subdeltoid bursa

A

located within the subacromial space b/w the supraspinatus and deltoid mm

Tendon sheath of LH of biceps: Located in bicipital groove

32
Q

Rotator Cuff

A

Tendons of the:

supraspinatus

infraspinatus

teres minor

subscapularis

Tendons blend with the jt capsule and form a musculotendinous collar that surround the posterior, superior, and anterior aspects of the GH jt.

Fxns: stabilizes and hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa

33
Q

Vascular Supply of RC

A

Anterior/Posterior circumflex humeral artery

Suprascapular Artery

34
Q

Innervation of RC

A

Branches of posterior cord

Suprascapular n.

Axillary n.

Lateral pectoral n.

35
Q

Supraspinatus

A

PA: Med 2/3 of supraspinous fossa and supraspinous fascia

DA: Greater tubercle of humerus on superior facet blends with the GH fibrous capsule

N: suprascapular (C5,6)

BS: Suprascapular Artery

AX: ABducts the humerus, stabilizes GH jt. prevents downward translation of humerus

36
Q

Infraspinatus

A

PA: Medial 2/3 infraspinous fossa and infraspinous fascia

DA: greater tubercle of humerus on middle facet blends with GH fibrous capsule

N: Suprascapular (C5,6)

BS: Suprascapular artery

Ax: ER of humerus, stabilizes the GH jt

37
Q

Teres Minor

A

PA: scapula along superior 2/3 lateral border; post. surface of adjoining fascia

DA: greater tubercle of humerus on inferior facet; blends with GH fibrous capsule

N: Axillary (C5,6)

BS: Suprascapular artery

Ax: ER of humerus, stabilizes the GH jt

38
Q

Teres Major

A

PA: scapula along inferior 1/3 lateral border and posterior surface; adjoining fascia

DA: Medial border of bicipital groove

N: lower subscapular (C5,6,7)

BS: Thoracodorsal a.

Ax: Extension and IR of humerus

39
Q

Subscapularis

A

PA: medial 2/3 subscapular fossa and adjoining fascia

DA: lesser tubercle of humerus; blends with GH fibrous capsule

N: Upper and Lower subscapular n (C5,6)

BS: subscapular a.

Ax: IR of humerus; stabilizes GH jt

40
Q

Ant. Deltoid

A

PA: lateral 1/3 clavicle along anterior border; superior surface

DA: Deltoid tuberosity

N: Axillary (C5,6)

BS: Deltoid & Acromial

Ant. fibers: flex and IR humerus

41
Q

Middle Deltoid

A

PA: Lateral acromion along superior surface

DA: Deltoid tuberosity

                            N: Axillary (C5,6)

BS: Deltoid & Acromial

Ax: ABducts humerus

42
Q

Posterior Deltoid

A

PA: Spine of scapula along inferior lip

DA: Deltoid tuberosity

                             N: Axillary (C5,6)

BS: Deltoid & Acromial

Ax: extend and ER humerus

43
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

PA: apex of coracoid process

DA: humerus midway along medial border

N: pierced by musculocutaneous (C5,6,7)

BS: Branch off brachial

Ax: flexes humerus; assists with horizontal adduction

** Brachial pulse can be palpated medial and posterior to muscle**

44
Q

Biceps Brachii

A

PA: SH: apex of coracoid process

LH: scapula at supraglenoid tubercle & to glenoid labrum

DA: flat tendon to radial tuberosity by bicipital aponeurosis which bends with antebrachial fascia

N: Musculocutaneous (C5,6)

BS: branch off the brachial artery

Ax: flex the elbow & humerus; primary supinator of forearm

**Tendon for the LH is intracapsular and extrasynovial**

**Two jt muscle**

45
Q

Brachialis

A

PA: anterior surface of humerus along distal 1/2

DA: ulnar tuberosity & impression on coronoid process of ulna

N: musculocutaneous (C5,6)

Radial (C7)

BS: Branch off brachial a

Ax: Primary flexor of elbow

**Musculocutaneous nerve is anterior**

**Primary FLEXOR of the elbow**

46
Q

LH triceps brachii

A

PA: scapula at infraglenoid tubercle blends with GH capsule

DA: Common tendon to olecranon process on ulna

N: Radial (C6,7,8)

BS: Branch of the profunda (deep) brachial a.

Ax: Extends the elbow

adducts the humerus

**It is a two joint muscle–crossing shoulder AND elbow**

47
Q

Lateral head triceps brachii

A

PA: narrow oblique area on post surface of humerus, superior to spiral line and t lateral intermuscular septum

DA: Common tendon to olecranon process on ulna

N: Radial (C6,7,8)

BS: Branch of the profunda (deep) brachial a.

Ax: Extends the elbow

48
Q

Medial head triceps brachii

A

PA: large area on posterior surface of humerus; inferior to spiral line; medial intermuscular septum

DA: Common tendon to olecranon process on ulna

N: Radial (C6,7,8)

BS: Branch of the profunda (deep) brachial a.

Ax: Extends the elbow–PRIMARY head

49
Q

Suprascapular Artery

A

Branch of the thyrocervical trunk

Enters the posterior scapular region superior to the suprascapular foramen and ligament

Travels with suprascapular nerve

Supplies: Supraspinatus; infraspinatus; GH jt

50
Q

Posterior Circumflex Humeral a.

A

Branch off 3rd part of axillary artery

Travels with axillary N

enters the posterior scapular region through quadrangular space

Supplies GH joint and related muscles

51
Q

Anterior circumflex humeral artery

A

Branch off 3rd part of axillary a.

Supplies GH joint and related muscles

52
Q

Collateral Circulation of the Scapula

A

Dorsal Scapular a.

Suprascapular a.

Circumflex scapular a.

53
Q
A

PT 603 Anatomy (4 decks)

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