Shoulder Exam Tests

Question 1

What is included in the shoulder girdle?

Answer 1

-SC joint, AC joint, GH joint, and scapula

Question 2

Range of motion for GH joint

Answer 2

• flexion= anterior deltoid/coracobrachialis, 180
• extension= latissimus and teres major, 60
• abduction= supraspinatus/mid-deltoid, 180
• adduction= pec major/latissimus, 40-50
• external rotation= infraspinatous/teres minor, 90
• internal rotation= subscapularis/pec minor, 90

Question 3

Range of motion for AC joint

Answer 3

-axial rotation 10 degrees

Question 4

Range of motion of SC joint

Answer 4

• abduction= distal clavicle moves superiorly, proximal moves inferiorly
• adduction= distal clavicle moves inferiorly, proximal moves superiorly
• horizontal flexion= distal clavicle moves anteriorly, proximal moves posteriorly
• horizontal extension= distal clavicle moves posteriorly, proximal moves anteriorly

Question 5

Range of motion for scapula

Answer 5

• retraction= rhomboids, moving closer together “attention”
• protraction= serratus anterior, moving away from spine “reach”
• elevation= upper trapezius/levator scapulae, shoulder shrug
• depression= lower trapezius/lower rhomboids, return from elevation
• upward/downward rotation= combine motions

Question 6

What are 2 tests used for supraspinatus rotator cuff muscle?

Answer 6

• empty can and full can test

- drop arm test

Question 7

What is the empty can test for supraspinatus

Answer 7

• flex pt shoulder to 90 while also abducting 45
• internally rotate both arms so thumbs point down
• press down on forearms while pt resists
• positive test= pain/weakness
• indicates supraspinatus pathology
• *can also do full can test w/thumbs up

Question 8

What is drop arm test for supraspinatus?

Answer 8

• pt abducts arm 90-180
• slowly drops arm
• postitive test= arm will drop or gentle tap on wrist will cause arm to drop
• indicates full thickness tear of supraspinatus

Question 9

What are 2 tests for GH instability?

Answer 9

• apprehension test

- sulcus sign

Question 10

What is the apprehension test for GH instability?

Answer 10

• pt seated or supine shoulder abducted to 90 and elbow flexed to 90
• stabilize pt shoulder with 1 hand and force arm into external rotation with other hand
• positive test= pt apprehension about dislocation
• indicates GH instability

Question 11

What is the sulcus sign for GH instability

Answer 11

• grasp pt elbow and apply inferior traction (pull arm down inferiorly)
• positive test= indentation appears in area beneath acromion
• indicates GH instability

Question 12

What are 2 tests for the long head of the biceps

Answer 12

• yergasons test

- speeds test

Question 13

What is yergasons test for long head of the biceps

Answer 13

• pt arm at side with elbow flexed to 90
• use hand to palpate bicipital groove and monitor there while other hand grasps pt wrist
• pt supinate and externally rotate against doc resistence
• positive test= pain or tendon subluxation out of groove
• indicates unstable bicep tendon/subluxation/bicepital tendonitis

Question 14

What is speeds test for long head of biceps

Answer 14

• pt arm foward flexed 50-90 at shoulder with hand supinated
• slightly flex pt elbow
• resist at forearm while pt further flexes shoulder (resist cephalad motion)
• monitor pain at biceps tendon
• positive test= pain i bicipital groove
• indicates bicepital tendonitis of long head of biceps

Question 15

What are 2 tests for rotator cuff impringment

Answer 15

• neer impringment test

- hawkins test

Question 16

What is the neer impringment test

Answer 16

• stabilize pt shoulder, forarm pronated
• passively flex shoulder to fully flexed position
• positive test= pain
• indicates subacromial bursa or rotator cuff impringment

Question 17

What is the hawkins test

Answer 17

• flex shoulder to 90, flex elbow to 90, slightly adduct, passively rotate humerus into internal rotation
• this opposes rotator cuff against coracoacromial ligament and acromion
• positive test= pain
• indicates rotator cuff (usually supraspinatus) or subacromial bursa impringment

Question 18

What are 2 tests used for ROM

Answer 18

• apley scratch test

- life off test

Question 19

What is the apley scratch test

Answer 19

• 2 maneuvers, doc notes how far pt can reach with each one
  1. Upper= pt abducts arm with palm of hand behind neck facing toward body and attempt to scratch lowest possible vertebrae
  2. Lower= pt places arm behind back with palm outward and attempt to scratch highest possible vertebrae (*coupled internal rotation and adduction)

Question 20

What is the lift off test for subscapularis?

Answer 20

• pt arm internal rotation adn adduction
• pt extends arm into doc resistance
• positive test= weakness (inability to resist)
• indicates subscapularis weakness

Question 21

OSE for GH joint

Answer 21

• anterior adn posterior glide of humeral head
• similar to load and shift
• stabilize shoulder, contact proximal humerus, move anterior/posterior looking for EOM and ROM

Question 22

OSE for SC joint flexion/extension

Answer 22

• index finger on clavicular head next to sternum
• pt flex arms to 90 and reach to ceiling
• proximal clavicle moves posterior and distal anterior

-return from horizontal flexion (extension) and proximal clavicle moves anterior

Question 23

OSE for SC joint ab/adduction

Answer 23

• place index finger on clavicular head and have pt shrug their shoulders
• proximal clavicle moves inferior adn distal moves superior
• return from abduction (adduction)
• proximal clavicle moves superior