OSCE: Exam Instruments Lab Flashcards

1
Q

What are teh 4 techniques of exam in the right order of how you would perform them?

A
  1. INSPECTION= assess age, posture, mobility, asymmetry, color change
  2. AUSULTATION= listen to lung, heart, GI vascular sounds
  3. PERCUSSION= flatten fingers of thorax/abdomen, strike knuckle with 3rd finger to elicit sound, note sound difference when percussing over hollow organs vs bone (dull, flat, tympanic)
  4. PALPATION= superficial adn deep touching
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2
Q

What are the sounds you look for with percussion?

A
  • sound difference over hollow organ vs bone
  • dull= fluid
  • flat= solid
  • tympanic= air
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3
Q

What do you do with the ophthalmoscope

A
  • part of eye exam
  • examine fundus/retina/posterior chamber an pupillary reflex (direct and consensual) and red reflex which is the normal reflection off the retina
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4
Q

How would you give a good eye exam?

A
  • have patient look over shoulder
  • hold ophthalmoscope in right hand and use right eye to examin the patients right eye (and opposite with left)
  • move light lateral to medial until over the iris then move toward the patient
  • bilaterally
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5
Q

Pupillary light reflex

A
  • direct= when light shined in eye, pupil constricts

- consensual= when light shined in eye pupil of other eye also constricts

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6
Q

Snellen eye chart

A

-assess visual acuity (20/20 normal)
Ex) 20/40 means test subject sees at 20 ft what a normal person sees at 40 ft

  • held 14 inches from eyes
  • test with both eyes open then covering one at a time
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7
Q

What is the otoscope used for?

A
  • part of ear and oropharyngeal exam
  • grasp auricle and pull up and back (or down adn back for kids)
  • insert 1/2 length of speculum
  • identify canal and tympanic membrane
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8
Q

What si the turning fork used for?

A
  • air conduction= lasts longer, hold fork at external auditory meatus
  • bone conduction= shorter, hold handle at occipital condyle behind ear
  • vibratory sense= place handle on patella and compare left and right for duration
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9
Q

What is the reflex hammer used for?

A
  • elicit a deep tendon reflex (DTR)
  • identify patellar, achilles, bicep, brachioradialis, triceps
  • string bilaterally and compare
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10
Q

What is the diaphragm of the stethescope used for?

A
  • larger circle for higher frequency sounds

- breath sounds and heart sounds and bowel sounds

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11
Q

What is the bell on the stethescope used for?

A
  • smaller circle
  • lower frequency sounds
  • bruits
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12
Q

What is a sphygmomanometer

A
  • BP cuff
  • choose cuff in which width of bladder is 40% of upper arm circumference, 80% length
  • arrow aligned with brachial artery
  • arm at heart level
  • using diaphragm of stethescope
  • listen for 1st Korotkoff sound (systolic) and LAST korotkoff sound (diastolic)
  • deflate
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13
Q

How do you obtain pulse?

A
  • index finger to chekc peripheral pulse
  • radial, pedal, carotid
  • pulse rate is reported “per minute”
  • can count for 10 seconds multiple by 6 or 15 sec and multiple by 4
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14
Q

How do you take a respiratory rate?

A
  • observe patients respiratory rate by looking for chest rise and counting
  • listening while examining lungs
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15
Q

What are universal precautions

A
  • standards set by CDC
  • protect patient adn provider from spread of infectious disease
  • gloves worn if obvious blood/body fluid
  • wash hands before and after wearing gloves
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16
Q

What is the proper way to apply and remove gloves?

A
  • wash hands
  • apply gloves
  • revmove one glove and hold onto it
  • pull the cuff over the hand and encase the gloves
  • dispose in proper container–> red bags are supplies contaminated with body fluids or potentially infectious debris
17
Q

What are teh 6 positions for exam?

A
  1. Sitting
  2. Standing
  3. Supine
  4. Prone
  5. Right lateral recumbent
  6. Left lateral recumbent
18
Q

Why is an OSE important?

A
  • body is a unit and possesses self regulatory mechanisms
  • structure adn function are reciprocally interrelated (rational therapy is based upon understanding of that)
  • OSE integrates info about MSK