Shoulder, Elbow, Forearm ROM

Question 1

Glenohumeral Joint

Answer 1

• type: ball and socket
• osteokinematics: convex movement on concave surface
• musculotendinous reinforcement: rotator cuff muscles
• capsular pattern: external rotation, abduction, internal rotation (if at all)

Question 2

Shoulder Complex

Answer 2

• combined motions of all 4 component joints
• GH joint: convex movement on concave surface
• end feels: firm for all movements (capsular, ligament, muscle, tendon)
• osteokinematics/S-H rhythm: 0-30 degrees-glenohumeral movement only; 30-120 degrees 2:1 GH:Scapular movement ration
• scapular movement depends on movement of AC and SC joints

Question 3

Anatomy and Movement-Elbow and Forearm

Answer 3

• humero-radial joint
• humero-ulnar joint
• osteokinematics: hinge joint with axis of rotation center of trochlea except in extreme flexion (anterior) and extension (posterior)
• end feel: flexion soft/extension hard
• capsular pattern: flexion, extension

Question 4

Scapulo-humeral Rhythm

Answer 4

• movement of shoulder in coordinated fashion
• phase 1: 0-30 degrees all from GH joint (humerus 30 degrees abduction; scapula minimal movement–setting; clavicle 0-5 degrees elevation)
• phase 2: 30-90 degrees 2:1 ratio (humerus 40 degrees abduction; scapula 20 degrees rotation; clavicle 15 degree elevation)
• phase 3: 90-180 degrees 2:1 ratio (humerus 60 degrees abduction/90 degrees lateral rotation; scapula 30 degrees rotation; clavicle 30-50 degree posterior rotation/~15 degree elevation)

Question 5

Capsular Pattern

Answer 5

• certain degree of movement restricted probably has to do with capsule
• know these for most of the joints

Question 6

MDC

Answer 6

• minimal detectable change

- minimal amount of change occurs that you know is due to the patient improving or declining