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Anatomy > Shoulder, Arm, & Deep Back Muscles > Flashcards

Shoulder, Arm, & Deep Back Muscles Flashcards

0
Q

Deltoid - middle fibers from acromion:

A

Arm abduction

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1
Q

Deltoid - anterior fibers from clavicle:

A

Flexion

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2
Q

Deltoid - Posterior fibers from scapular spine:

A

Arm extension

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3
Q

Muscles of musculotendinous (rotator) cuff:

A

Subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor - cross the glenohumeral joint and provide support against upward and posterior displacement of the head of the humerus (important in injury because the tendons intersect and blend with neighbors)

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4
Q

Blood supply to the shoulder comes from:

A

Subclavian a. and Axillary a.

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5
Q

Blood supply from subclavian a:

A
  1. Suprascapular (could be a branch of the thyrocervical trunk or directly from subclavian)
  2. Dorsal scapular a. (aka deep branch of transverse cervical a.
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6
Q

Blood supply from the Axillary a:

A
  1. Circumflex scapular a (from subscapular a)

2. Posterior and anterior circumflex humeral aa

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7
Q

Borders of triangular space:

A
  1. Teres minor (superior)
  2. Teres major (inferior)
  3. Long head of triceps (lateral)
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8
Q

Borders of Quadrangular Space:

A
  1. Teres minor (superior)
  2. Teres major (inferior)
  3. Surgical neck of humerus (lateral)
  4. Long head triceps (medial)
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9
Q

Borders of Triangular Interval:

A
  1. Teres major (superior)
  2. Shaft of humerus (lateral)
  3. Long head triceps (medial)
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10
Q

Anterior compartment:

A

Contains flexors of the arm and forearm which are innervated by the musculocutaneous n.

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11
Q

Posterior compartment:

A

Contains extensors of the forearm which are innervated by the radial n.

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12
Q

Coracobrachialis:

A

O: Coracoid process
I: Medial mid-shaft of the humerus
N: Musculocutaneous n.
A: arm flexor

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13
Q

Biceps brachii:

A

O: Long head - supraglenoid tubercle of scapula, Short head - coracoid process
I: Radial tuberosity of radius
N: Musculocutaneous n.
A: Flexor of forearm, supinator of forearm, minor flexor of arm

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14
Q

Brachialis:

A

O: Anterior aspect of distal humerus and intermuscular septum
I: Tuberosity of the ulna
N: Musculocutaneous n.
A: flexor of forearm

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15
Q

Triceps brachii:

A

O: Long head - infraglenoid tubercle, Medial head - humeral shaft inferior to radial groove, Lateral head - humeral shaft superior to radial groove
I: Olecranon
N: Radial n.
A: Forearm extension, long head can also extend and adduct arm

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16
Q

Axillary a. changes its name to ______ a. at the inferior border of the ______.

A

Brachial a; teres major

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17
Q

Profunda brachii a. accompanies _______ and supplies the ______ compartment of the arm.

A

Radial n; posterior

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18
Q

The _______ a. supplies the anterior compartment.

A

Brachial

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19
Q

______________ n. is the sole motor supply of the anterior compartment and pierces the __________ m.

A

Musculocutaneous; coracobrachialis

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20
Q

Musculocutaneous n. is located between the _______ and the ______ in the arm.

A

Biceps brachii and bracialis mm.

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21
Q

Musculocutaneous n. becomes the ____________ n. of the forearm as it emerges from beneath the __________.

A

Lateral cutaneous; biceps brachii

22
Q

Proximally, the median n. lies ______ to the brachial a. while distally, it lies _______ to the a.

A

Lateral; medial

23
Q

The ulnar n. passes _____ posterior to the _____ epicondyle of the humerus.

A

Posterior; medial

24
Q

Proximal to the elbow, the radial n. lies between the _______ and _______ mm.

A

Brachialis; brachioradialis

25
Q

Intercostobrachial n. innervates ______ and comes from ______:

A

Superior portion of medial arm; lateral cutaneous branch of T2

26
Q

Posterior cutaneous n. of arm comes from:

A

Radial n.

27
Q

Lower lateral cutaneous n. of arm comes from:

A

Branch of radial n.

28
Q

Upper lateral cutaneous n. of arm comes from:

A

Branch of Axillary n.

29
Q

Fibrous joints:

A

Little if any movement occurs - skull sutures

30
Q

Cartilaginous joints:

A

Bones are joined by hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage, variable amount of movement occurs - pubic symphysis

31
Q

Synovial joint:

A

Articular surfaces are separated by a fluid filled cavity, greatest freedom of movement - shoulder joint and hip

32
Q

The synovial membrane of a joint does not cover ________.

A

Articular surfaces

33
Q

Ligaments:

A

Specialized CT structures helping to stabilize the joint

34
Q

Sternoclavicular joint:

A

Articulation between the medial end of the clavicle with the clavicular notch on the manubrium of the sternum, only attachment of upper limb with axial skeleton. Stabilizing structures: anterior/post sternoclavicular ligaments, interclavicular ligament, costoclavicular ligament (fibrous joint) - most important in preventing displacement

35
Q

Acromioclavicular joint:

A

Weak synovial joint between the lateral end of the clavicle and the acromion and an articular disk is usually present, stabilizing structures - coracoacromial ligament - part of coracoacromial arch, coracoclavicular ligament - trapezoid ligament & conoid ligament, main support; when ruptured, clavicle is driven superior to acromion, acromoclavicular ligament (weak)

36
Q

Glenohumeral joint:

A

Synovial joint between head of humerus and glenoid fossa, deepened by the glenoid labrum, stabilizing structures - coracohumeral ligament, glenohumeral ligaments - reinforce the joint capsule anteriorly on its internal surface, musculotendinous (rotator) cuff - help reinforce the capsule as the muscles cross the joint, tend of long head of biceps - pierces the joint capsule as the tendon travels in the intertubercular groove, held in place by the transverse humeral ligament, long head of triceps

37
Q

Subdeltoid (subacromial) bursa:

A

Located between the supraspinatus tendon and the overlying acromion, coracoacromial ligament, and anterior portion of deltoid

38
Q

Subscapular bursa:

A

Continuous with the glenohumeral joint capsule; facilitates movement of subscapularis tendon during abduction

39
Q

Flexors of the upper limb:

A

Pec major and anterior fibers of deltoid (aided by coracobrachialis and biceps)

40
Q

Extension of the upper limb:

A

Latissimus dorsi and posterior fibers of the deltoid (teres major also extends a flexed arm)

41
Q

Medial Rotation:

A

Subscapularis (aided by pec major, anterior deltoid, lat dorsi, and teres major)

42
Q

Lateral rotation:

A

Infraspinatus and teres minor (aided by the posterior deltoid)

43
Q

Abduction in Scapular plane:

A

Deltoid and supraspinatus. For full abduction to occur, the scapula is rotated laterally by the serratus anterior and upper fibers of the trapezius

44
Q

Adduction:

A

Pec major, lat dorsi, and teres major

45
Q

Rotation of scapula:

A

Serratus anterior (aided by upper fibers of trapezius), levator scapulae and rhomboids

46
Q

Elevation of scapula:

A

Levator scapulae and upper fibers of trapezius

47
Q

Protraction of scapula:

A

(Pushing, thrusting, punching) - glenoid cavity faces more anteriorly - Serratus anterior antagonized by rhomboids

48
Q

Retraction of scapula:

A

(Bracing shoulders) - middle fibers of trapezius and rhomboids

49
Q

Superficial back muscles:

A

Move the upper limb and are innervated by anterior rami of spinal nerves

50
Q

Deep back muscles:

A

Move the trunk and head/neck and are innervated segmentally by posterior rami of spinal nerves - Spinalis, longissimus, and iliocostalis

51
Q

Splenius capitis:

A

Forms a V-shaped connected to back of the head, extend head/neck bilaterally and rotate those structures unilaterally - ROOF OF SUBOCCIPITAL TRIANGLE

52
Q

Semispinalis capitis:

A

Extend head/neck bilateraly and rotate those structure unilaterally - ROOF OF SUBOCCIPITAL TRIANGLE

Anatomy (9 decks)

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