Shoulder Flashcards
What xray view is best to see a sternoclavicular dislocation?
serendipity, 40 degree caudal tilt
classification of lateral third clavicle fractures
type 1: lateral to CC ligaments, no displacement
type 2a: medial to CC ligaments, both intact
type 2b: between CC ligaments, conoid torn, trapezoid intact
type 3: through AC joint, no displacement
AC separation, Rockwood grade 1
AC ligament sprain
AC separation, Rockwood grade 2
AC tear, CC intact
AC separation, Rockwood grade 3
AC and CC torn, <100% superior displacement
AC separation, Rockwood grade 4
grade 3 (AC and CC torn) with posterior displacement
AC separation, Rockwood grade 5
grade 3 (AC and CC torn) with <300% superior displacement
AC separation, Rockwood grade 6
grade 3 with inferior displacement
treatment of proximal humerus fractures
1-2 part = non-op, 3-4 part = operative
What 4 articulations make up the shoulder?
sternoclavicular, glenohumeral, acromioclavicular, scapulothoracic
what muscle protects the radial nerve in the posterior approach to the shoulder?
teres major
what muscle divides the axillary artery into 3 parts?
pec minor
paralysis of what muscle causes medial winging of the scapula?
serratus anterior (long thoracic)
how are the cords of the brachial plexus named?
lateral, medial, posterior, in relation to the axillary artery
primary blood supply to humeral head
posterior circumflex humeral artery
course from aorta –> brachial artery
aorta > brachiocephalic (R side only) > subclavian > axillary > brachial
intervernous plane of anterior/deltopectoral approach to shoulder
deltoid (axillary) and pec major (medial and lateral pectoral nerves)
dangers in anterior/deltopectoral approach to shoulder
musculocutaneous nerve, cephalic vein, axillary nerve
internervous plane in Judet approach to scapula
infraspinatus (suprascapular nerve) and teres minor (axillary nerve)
what anatomic landmark is used to determine the height of prosthesis in a shoulder hemi?
superior border of pec major tendon insertion (can also help with retroversion)
what muscle is deficient in lateral scapular winging?
trap
