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Trauma > Hip/Leg > Flashcards

Hip/Leg Flashcards

1
Q

how do you classify femoral head fractures?

A

pipkin classification

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2
Q

what is a pipkin type 1 fracture?

A

femoral head, small fracture below fovea/ligamentum, doesn’t involve weight-bearing portion of femoral head

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3
Q

what is a pipkin type 2 fracture?

A

femoral head, larger fracture above fovea/ligamentum, involves weight-bearing portion of femoral head

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4
Q

what is a pipkin type 3 fracture?

A

femoral head type 1 or 2 w/ associated femoral neck fracture

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5
Q

what is a pipkin type 4 fracture?

A

femoral head type 1 or 2 w/ associated acetabular fracture (usually posterior wall)

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6
Q

what is the plane for an anterolateral (Watson-Jones) approach to the hip?

A

TFL and glut medius (both superior gluteal nerve)

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7
Q

what is the most significant determinant of post-op survival in a hip fracture?

A

pre-injury mobility

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8
Q

how do you classify femoral neck fractures?

A

garden classification

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9
Q

what is a garden type 1 fracture?

A

incomplete femoral neck fracture

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10
Q

what is a garden type 2 fracture?

A

complete femoral neck fracture, nondisplaced

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11
Q

what is a garden type 3 fracture?

A

complete femoral neck fracture, partially displaced

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12
Q

what is a garden type 4 fracture?

A

complete femoral neck fracture, fully displaced

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13
Q

what area is considered sub-troch?

A

from lesser troch to 5 cm distal

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14
Q

what meds are risk factors for sub-troch fractures?

A

denosumab or bisphosphonate use

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15
Q

what are the deforming forces on the proximal fragment in a sub-troch fracture?

A

abduction (glut medius/minimus), flexion (iliopsoas), external rotation (short external rotators)

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16
Q

what are the deforming forces on the distal fragment in a sub-troch fracture?

A

adduction and shortening (adductors)

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17
Q

how do you classify sub-troch fractures?

A

russel-taylor classification

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18
Q

what is a russel-taylor type 1 fracture?

A

sub-troch with no extension into piriformis fossa

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19
Q

what is a russel-taylor type 2 fracture?

A

sub-troch with extension into greater troch and piriformis fossa

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20
Q

how do you classify femoral shaft fractures?

A

winquist and hansen classification

21
Q

what is a hansen type 1 fracture?

A

femoral shaft, no comminution

22
Q

what is a hansen type 2 fracture?

A

femoral shaft, insignificant amount of comminution

23
Q

what is a hansen type 3 fracture?

A

femoral shaft, greater than 50% cortical contact

24
Q

what is a hansen type 4 fracture?

A

femoral shaft, less than 50% cortical contact?

25
Q

what is a hansen type 5 fracture?

A

femoral shaft, segmental fracture, no contact between proximal and distal fragment

26
Q

what is a hoffa fracture

A

coronal plane fracture of the femoral condyle (usually lateral)

27
Q

schatzker type 1

A

lateral split fracture

28
Q

schatzker type 2

A

lateral split-depressed fracture

29
Q

schatzker type 3

A

lateral pure depression fracture

30
Q

schatzker type 4

A

medial plateau fracture

31
Q

schatzker type 5

A

bicondylar fracture

32
Q

schatzker type 6

A

metaphyseal-diaphyseal disassociation

33
Q

what is the most common injury a/w a schatzker type 2?

A

lateral meniscal tear followed by LCL or PCL injury

34
Q

how do you classify pilon/tibial plafond fractures?

A

ruedi and allgower classification

35
Q

what is a type 1 pilon fracture?

A

nondisplaced

36
Q

what is a type 2 pilon fracture?

A

simple displacement with incongruous joint

37
Q

what is a type 3 pilon fracture?

A

comminuted articular surface

38
Q

what are the characteristic fragments of a pilon fracture?

A

medial mal, anterior mal (chaput), lateral mal (wagstaffe), posterior mal (volkmann)

39
Q

what xr view assessed deltoid ligament in an ankle fracture?

A

external rotation stress (gravity)

40
Q

what is a bosworth fracture-dislocation?

A

posterior dislocation of the fibula behind the incisura fibularis

41
Q

weber A

A

infrasyndesmotic

42
Q

weber B

A

transyndesmotic

43
Q

Weber C

A

suprasyndesmotic

44
Q

how do you classify talar neck fractures?

A

hawkins

45
Q

Hawkins type 1

A

nondisplaced

46
Q

Hawkins type 2

A

subtalar dislocation

47
Q

Hawkins type 3

A

subtalar and tibiotalar disclocation

48
Q

Hawkins type 4

A

subtalar, tibiotalar, and talonavicular dislocation

Trauma (7 decks)

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