shoulder

Question 1

What is scapulohumeral rhythm? What are the ratios of movement from scapula: humerus

Answer 1

It’s the process by which you abduct your arm. First 30 degrees: 0:1 2nd motion 1:2 (scapula moves 30, humerus moves 60) 3rd: 1:1 (both move 30 degrees)

Question 2

What is the MOI for clavicle fractures?

Answer 2

Foosh falling on tip of shoulder

Question 3

How are scapula’s typically fractured?

Answer 3

Direct blows

Question 4

3 different locations of humeral fractures

Answer 4

Shaft Proximal humerus Epiphyseal plate/line

Question 5

MOI for humeral shaft fx

Answer 5

direct blow or falling on arm

Question 6

MOI for proximal humerus fx

Answer 6

direct blow, dislocation, FOOSH

Question 7

MOI for epiphyseal fx of humerus

Answer 7

direct blow and FOOSH

Question 8

moi’s for SC (sternoclavicular sprains)

Answer 8

FOOSH Direct blow Torsion of posteriorly extended arm

Question 9

How to classify Grade 1, 2, and 3 joint sprains?

Answer 9

Grade 1: little pain and no deformity Grade 2: some movement, deformity, pain, swelling, point tenderness, limited ROM Grade 3: No endpoint, deformity, swelling and complete ligament rupture

Question 10

What are the signs and symptoms of a shoulder separation (AC joint sprain)

Answer 10

S&S: pain, depressed shoulder, point tender over AC, deformity Manage: sling, possibly surgical intervention

Question 11

Test for AC joint separation

Answer 11

piano key test

Question 12

How common are shoulder dislocations in the body?

Answer 12

50% of all dislocations

Question 13

Shoulder dislocation MOI: SS: Management

Answer 13

MOI:Direct impact to posterior shoulder, foosh, forced abduction and external roations and extension or excessive overhead movements SS: felt should give away, felt pop or tear, intense pain, humeral head in axilla M: immobilization and reduction

Question 14

What is the tear of labrum following subluxation or dislocation called?

Answer 14

Bankhart Lesion

Question 15

what is a superior labrum tear that runs from anterior to posterior called?

Answer 15

SLAP tear

Question 16

What is a fx on the posterior lateral aspect of humeral head called, as a result of compression of humorous against glenoid?

Answer 16

Hill-Sachs Lesion

Question 17

What is O’Brien’s Test?

Answer 17

Test for a SLAP lesion Patient sits with shoulder flexed to 90 degrees

Question 18

What is caused by compression of either the

• supraspinatus
• subacromial bursae

or -long head of bicep tendon

and is a result of repetitive overhead movement

Answer 18

Impingement Syndrome

Question 19

What are the two tests for shoulder impingement?

Answer 19

Neer’s and Hawkins-Kennedy

Neer’s: Arm extended in front of you, thumb facing down with open palm, lift straight up above head

Hawkin’s-Kennedy: shoulder flexed to 90, elbow bent to 90 while parallel with ground (in front of body), tester pushes up on humerus and pulls forearm toward them

Question 20

What is the compression of the brachial plexus, subclavian artery, and subclavian vein in the neck and shoulder?

What are the causes of this?

Answer 20

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Causes:

• compression of neurovascular bundle in the narrowed space between the first rib adn the clavicle
• compression between the anterior and middle scalenes
• compression by the pectoralis minor muscle as the neurovascular bundle passes beneath the coracoid process or between the clavicle and first rib
• the presence of a cervicle rib

Question 21

Thoracic outlet

S&S: paresthesia, pain, cold sensation, impaired circulation in fingers, muscle weakness, muscle atrophy, radial nerve palsy

Treatment: use stretching and strengthening exercises to correct the anatomical condition responsible, possible surgery

Question 22

What is a biceps tendon rupture and what are the S&S?

Answer 22

SS: “snap” deformity, pain, limited flexion at elbow and shoulder

Txt: police, immoblize, refer for possible surgery

Question 23

What is the condition where the biceps tendon and its synovial sheath as ti passes under transverse humeral ligament in bicipital groove?

Answer 23

Bicipital Tenosynovitis

Question 24

What test is this? What does a positive test mean?

Answer 24

Yergason’s test, it implies a biceps tendon irritation

Question 25

What is the injury caused by forceful internal or external rotation of the shoulder that causes a constant ache and possibly impingement?

Answer 25

Rotator cuff tear

Question 26

What test is this? what does it imply?

Answer 26

Empty can test

Implies supraspinatus tear or weakness