Shoulder Flashcards
What is included in the shoulder girdle?
SC joint
AC joint
Glenohumeral joint
Scapula
What are the muscles of the rotator cuff
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
Of the 4 rotator cuff muscles, which one is not palpable?
Subscapularis
What are the palpable landmarks of the humerus and axilla?
Greater tubercle of humerus Bicipital groove Axilla lymph nodes Latissimus dorsi Pectoralis major
What are the palpable landmarks associated with the shoulder joint?
Sternoclavicular joint Clavicle Acromioclavicular joint Acromion process Coracoid process Spine of scapula (Level of T3) Inferior border of scapula (level of T7)
Normal ROM of flexion at glenohumoral joint
180
Anterior deltoid m. and coracobrachialis m.
Normal ROM of extension at glenohumoral joint
60
Latissimus dorsi m. and teres major m.
Normal ROM of horizontal adduction at glenohumeral joint
40-50 (or 130-140 depending on starting position)
Pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi mm.
Normal ROM of horizontal abduction at glenohumoral joint
40-55 (or 130-145 depending on starting position)
Supraspinatus and mid-deltoid mm.
Normal ROM of external rotation at glenohumoral joint
90
Infraspinatus and teres minor mm
Normal ROM of internal rotation at glenohumoral joint
90
Subscapularis and pectoralis minor
Normal ROM of axial rotation at AC joint
Approximately 10
What supine action would the patient perform in order to ABDUCT the SC joint? Describe this motion
Shrug up
Distal end of clavicle moves superiorly; Proximal end of clavicle moves inferiorly
What supine action would the patient perform in order to ADDUCT the SC joint? Describe this motion
Relax to neutral from shrug position
Distal end of clavicle moves inferiorly; proximal end moves superiorly
What supine action would the patient perform in order to horizontally flex the SC joint? Describe this motion
Reach to ceiling
Distal end of clavicle moves anteriorly; proximal end moves posteriorly on sternum
What supine action would the patient perform in order to horizontally extend the SC joint? Describe this motion
Scapula into table
Distal end of clavicle moves posteriorly; proximal end moves anteriorly on sternum
Describe seated retraction of scapula
“Attention position”
Rhomboid major and minor; scapula move closer to spine
Describe seated protraction of scapula
Reaching forward
Serratus anterior m.
Scapula move away from spine
Describe seated elevation of scapula
Shrug up
Upper trapezius and levator scapulae mm.
Scapula move upward and parallel to spine
Describe seated depression of scapula
Depress down
Lower trapezius and lower rhomboid mm.
Return scapula from elevation
Normal muscle strength is 5/5; what are the 5 levels?
0: no evidence of muscle contraction
1: trace; evidence of contraction with no joint movement
2: poor; complete ROM with gravity eliminated
3: fair; complete ROM against gravity
4: good; complete ROM against gravity and some resistance
5: normal; complete ROM against gravity and full resistance
What special tests might you do to assess for glenohumeral instability?
Apprehension test
Sulcus sign
What special tests might you do to assess the long head of the bicep?
Yergason’s test
Speed’s test
What special tests might you do to assess the supraspinatus m. of the rotator cuff?
Empty can test (can also do full can test)
Drop-arm test