Shoulder

Question 1

Trapezius Upper Fibres

Answer 1

Resist shrugging of the shoulders or rotate head to the opposite side and resist extension and side flexion.

Question 2

Levator scapulae

Answer 2

Hand behind back to relax upper trapezius and apply slight resistance as model tries to shrug shoulders and palpate the posterolateral aspect of their neck.

Question 3

Pec minor

Answer 3

Sitting with elbow at side resting on a table and push arm into table and tendon can be palpated at tip of coracoid process

Question 4

Trapezius middle fibres

Answer 4

Shoulder abducted to 90 degrees and in full lateral rotation and resist horizontal extension

Question 5

Trapezius lower fibres

Answer 5

Model in prone with shoulder in full LR and lift arm off of bed until level with the ear and maintain this position against downwards pressure

Question 6

Rhomboid major

Answer 6

Prone or in sitting and get model to place hand behind back and protract scapula

Question 7

rhomboid minor

Answer 7

Prone or in sitting and get model to place hand behind back and protract scapula but very difficult to palpate

Question 8

serratus anterior

Answer 8

Resist punching motion with model in sitting or in supine and palpate down ribcage

Question 9

supraspinatus

Answer 9

Resist abduction from neutral and palpate through upper traps in supraspinous fossa

Question 10

infraspinatus

Answer 10

Resist lateral rotation and palpate infraspinous fossa

Question 11

subscapularis

Answer 11

Muscle cannot be palpated.
Sitting with shoulder laterally rotated. Resist medial rotation. Tendon can be palpated between coracoid process and humeral head

Question 12

teres minor

Answer 12

Sitting with shoulder laterally rotated. Resist medial rotation Palpate ½ way up the lateral border

Question 13

teres major

Answer 13

Shoulder at 90° abduction. Locate inferior angle then move fingers upwards and laterally in to posterior wall of axilla. Resist adduction

Question 14

pec major

Answer 14

Patient lying supine with their arm in the air above their head and resist movement upwards and inwards and resist movement downwards and inwards.

Question 15

deltoid

Answer 15

A – sitting with shoulder flexed to 90 degrees and arm pronated and resistance should be given to the humerus in a downwards motion. M – Apply resistance to abduction to the shoulder P - Sitting or prone. 90° shoulder abduction and full internal rotation. Resist horizontal extension.
ALL - have shoulder in 90 degrees abduction and resist further abduction

Question 16

coracobrachialis

Answer 16

Standing or supine with arm elevated and resist adduction/flexion

Question 17

lat dorsi

Answer 17

Sit on the side of the plinth and lift bum off of plinth by pushing into it with arms

Question 18

biceps brachii

Answer 18

Elbow flexed to 90 degrees and arm pronated. Resist flexion and supination.

Question 19

triceps brachii

Answer 19

Resist elbow extension in sitting with shoulder at 90 degrees of abduction.