shoulder

Question 1

Suprasternal notch

Answer 1

Inferior margin of deep hollow at the base of the neck = Top of sternum!

Question 2

Sternoclavicular joint

Answer 2

At the medial end of the clavicle

Question 3

Clavicle

Answer 3

Palpate laterally along shaft, medial 2/3 convex anteriorly, lateral 1/3 concave.

Question 4

Coracoid process

Answer 4

An anterior projection below the lateral part of the clavicle

Question 5

Spine of the scapular

Answer 5

Small triangular area on scapula medially, which increases in size as fingers move along it.

Question 6

Acromion

Answer 6

Expanded lateral end of spine. Either found at the medial end joining with clavicle or lateral end by tracing along the spine of the scapula from its most lateral point (acromial angle)

Question 7

Acromioclavicular articulation

Answer 7

Line of the joint can be palpated by applying downward pressure to the lateral end of the clavicle

Question 8

Inferior angle of scapular

Answer 8

Lowest point of scapula, can be gripped between thumb and finger. If model relaxes can be lifted away from thorax

Question 9

Inferior angle of scapular

Answer 9

Lowest point of scapula, can be gripped between thumb and finger. If model relaxes can be lifted away from thorax

Question 10

Greater & lesser tuberosity of humerus:

Answer 10

Greater: Most lateral bony point at the shoulder. Found by palpating lateral margin of acromion and then running fingers off its edge

Lesser: Can be felt through deltoid, just lateral to the tip of the coracoid. Can be felt to disappear on internal rotation of shoulder joint

Question 11

Intertubercular sulcus / Bicipital groove

Answer 11

To the lateral side of the lesser tuberosity
- 2 majors watching little miss dorsi in a ditch.

Intertubercular sulcus - Lateral- pectoralis major

Intertubercular sulcus - Medial - teres major

• Bicipital groove - latissimus dorsi

Question 12

Surface marking of Gleno-humeral

Answer 12

The mid-point of the joint is approximately 1 cm lateral to the apex of the coracoid process. A vertical line slightly concave laterally through this point gives an indication of the joint line

Question 13

The long head of biceps

Answer 13

Can be found between the greater and lesser tuberosities where it lies in the bicipital groove

Question 14

Palpation of the rotator cuff muscles

Answer 14

These are common causes of pain in the shoulder it is essential that you can locate and palpate the tendons accurately.

Question 15

Supraspinatus tendon

Answer 15

Is palpated at the anterolateral tip of the shoulder. The subject should be supine or half sitting with the hand tucked behind the ipsilateral hip. This position causes the shoulder to move into internal rotation and slight extension bringing the supraspinatus tendon nearer the surface and expose it from under the acromial arch.

Question 16

Infraspinatus

Answer 16

Is palpated with the subject prone on elbows and the weight shifted over the shoulder being examined. The shoulder is in a position of horizontal adduction, which brings the infraspinatus out for ease in palpation . The examiner palpates the spine of the scapular follows it laterally to the posterior acromion and drops just inferiorly to locate the infraspinatus tendon.