Shoulder Flashcards
what are you looking for anteriorly in shoulder examination
contour of the shoulder
deltoid and trapezius muscle bulk
sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints for deformity
clavicle for deformity
scars
what are you looking for laterally in shoulder examination
shoulder contour
sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints
what are you looking for posteriorly in shoulder examination
supraspinatus and infraspinatus fossa for wasting
scapular for asymmetry
what are you looking for in the axillae during a shoulder examination
lumps/swellings
scars
what 5 things are you feeling for in a shoulder examination
sternoclavicular joint and clavicle
acromioclavicular joint and acromion
long head of biceps
scapula - spine and body
coracoid process
what movements are involved in a shoulder examination and what muscles are they testing)
external rotation (infraspinatus and teres minor)
forward flexion (anterior deltoid)
abduction (supraspinatus)
internal rotation (subscapularis)
scapula winging (trapezius or serratus anterior)
what are the 6 tests for rotator cuff and/or ACJ pathology in a shoulder examination
painful arc on abduction
scarf test
hawkins-kennedy test
jobe’s test
test of subscapularis
test of infraspinatus
describe the hawkin-kennedy test
ask the patient to bend the elbow up to 90 degrees and then tilt the arm downwards and observe if it causes the patient pain
what does hawkin-kennedy test look for
impingement
describe jobe’s test
ask the patient to straighten their arms and turn their hand inwards so the thumb is facing the floor
ask them to bring the back of their hands together against restriction
what is jobe’s test looking for
rotator cuff tear of supraspinatus
describe the test for subscapularis
ask the patient to place the back of their hand on their buttocks or both hands on their belly and ask them to push away from their body against restriction
describe the test for infraspinatus or teres minor
ask the patient to tuck their elbows in beside them and bend their elbows and then ask them to push their arms out to the sides against restriction
describe the scarf test
ask the patient to wrap their arm around their neck like a scarf to test for ACJ pathology
what are the special tests for suspected shoulder instability
sulcus sign
anterior and posterior drawer test
anterior apprehension and relocation
posterior apprehension test
describe the sulcus sign test
with one hand on the shoulder and the acromioclavicular joint and the other on the arm, pull the arm down and observe for a visible gap in the joint
describe the anterior and posterior drawer test
with one hand on the shoulder and the other on the arm
anterior drawer - pull the arm forward
posterior drawer - push the arm backwards
observe for instability of the shoulder joint
describe the posterior apprehension test
get the patient to cross their arm across their body and push their shoulder backwards by pushing on the elbow
observe for discomfort and apprehension of the patient
describe the anterior apprehension test
get the patient to lie on the edge of the bed so their arm will hang off the bed, get the patient to bend their elbow into 90 degrees and externally rotate the shoulder
observe for discomfort and apprehension of the patient
place pressure on the shoulder to relocate the joint
