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Grade 11 Life Science CAPS > Short Questions > Flashcards

Short Questions Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

True or false: All bacteria are pathogens

A

False, some bacteria are pathogens and cause serious infectious diseases like pneumonia but some are good

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2
Q

True or false: All bacteria are useful

A

False, some are pathogens

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3
Q

True or false: Useful bacteria are sometimes harmful

A

True

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4
Q

Name the characteristics of bacteria

A
  • posses a cell wall
  • unicellular prokaryotes
  • some are autotrophic/ photosynthetic, others heterotrophic/ saprophytic. Some are chemosynthetic and get their energy from inorganic chemicals
  • reproduce asexually through binary fission
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5
Q

Where are the islets of Langerhans found?

A

In the pancreas

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6
Q

What is the main function of the large intestine

A

Storage of faeces

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7
Q

What are the components of glomerular filtrate?

A

Water, salts, glucose, amino acids, urea, uric acid and vitamins

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8
Q

In what sequence does digested food move along the small intestine?

A

Oesophagus, ileum, duodenum, colon

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9
Q

Where does deamination occur?

A

In the liver

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10
Q

What blood vessel transports glucose to the liver after being absorbed in the small intestine?

A

The hepatic portal vein

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11
Q

What are the functions and characteristics of bile?

A
  • Bile salts combine with fatty acid in order for fat to enter the villus and be absorbed
  • Does not contain enzymes
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12
Q

What is the most common nutrient digested in the stomach?

A

Protein

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13
Q

In what form is glucose stored in the liver?

A

Glycogen

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14
Q

What substance is concerned with the neutralisation of chyme?

A

Pancreatic juice (the release of which is caused by secretin)

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15
Q

During expiration what is the shape of the diaphragm?

A

Dome shaped

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16
Q

Where is the hepatic portal vein found?

A

In between the hepatic vein and vena cava

17
Q

What are the characteristics of viruses?

A
  • acellular: not cells but nucleoprotein particles that are considered to be obligate, intracellular parasites
  • can only be seen with an electron microscope
  • no nucleus
  • consists of a DNA/ RNA core with a protein coat
  • plants usually have RNA, animals have either one of the 2
18
Q

What can viruses infect?

A

Animals, plants and bacteria

19
Q

What determines the rate of breathing in humans?

A

Carbon dioxide in the blood

20
Q

What tissues are considered epithelial surrounding the alveoli and blood capillaries?

A

Alveoli - columnar epithelium
Blood capillaries- Squamous epithelium

21
Q

Which phase of breathing is active?

A

Inspiration/ inhalation

22
Q

Name 3 factors that influence Bacterial growth

A

PH, humidity and temperature

23
Q

Why can’t bacteria grow at any PH?

A

A PH that is too acidic or strong will kill bacteria

24
Q

Describe the structure/ characteristics of a virus

A
  • can only be seen with an electron microscope
  • nucleoprotein particles which enter specific kinds of PLANTS, ANIMALS AND BACTERIA, in which they multiply
  • Viruses are acellular having no nucleus, ribosomes, mitochondria, or organs of locomotion
  • obligate, intracellular parasites
  • consists of RNA/ DNA in animals and usually RNA in plants
  • Outside of the host cells they are metabolically inert and therefore are considered to be non-living chemicals
25
Q

What is the importance biologically, of viruses

A
  • control ecological processes such as nutrient cycling, bacterial and algal biodiversity and algal bloom control.
  • When sea organisms die from a viral infection their bodies provide nutrients to bacteria in deeper parts of the ocean.
  • pathogens cause disease which helps control the numbers of dominant host species
26
Q

How does glucose intake affect insulin concentration in the blood?

A

Increase in blood glucose levels signals the pancreas to produce insulin

27
Q

What part of protein synthesis takes place inside the nucleus?

A

Transcription

Grade 11 Life Science CAPS (6 decks)

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