Short Essay 1

Question 1

Roman technological form

Answer 1

Craft products, designed and built by skilled craftsmen using basic tools
-librators, architecton, limited mechanics

Question 2

Roman energy regime

Answer 2

Organic materials: water, stone, brick, concrete

Organic energy source: construction, operation, maintenance of aqueducts

Question 3

Roman economy

Answer 3

Lack of innovation

-run the same way as predecessors, operated on the same principles, no great breakthroughs

Question 4

Roman values

Answer 4

Use of aqueducts for bathing and display reinforced the formal ideology of Rome (public utility)
Aqueducts helped extend Rome’s ideology into new geographic areas as a signpost if the Roman urban way of life

Question 5

Gothic technological form

Answer 5

Craft products, through physical state or artistic aesthetic movement

Question 6

Gothic Energy regime

Answer 6

Organic

Human power, built with simple machines at best

Question 7

Gothic values

Answer 7

Bolstered importance of traditional religion and church in society

Question 8

Artisanal bread economic value

Answer 8

Money (as “dough”)

Staple food, provided economic value and power

Question 9

Artisanal bread Social organization

Answer 9

Social division of labor

Farmers, Miller’s, bakers

Question 10

Artisanal bread values

Answer 10

Cultural value

• religion: important role in Christianity
• national value, symbol of France

Question 11

Artisanal bread technological form

Answer 11

Craft skills and basic tools required

Question 12

Artisanal bread energy regime

Answer 12

Allowed humans to live off grass, converting solar energy into usable biomass using fire, yeast, and traditional ingredients