Short Answer

Question 1

What were the three steps a region went through to become a state?

Answer 1

1. Under direct control of the Feds. 2. Once you hit 5,000 inhabitants, it becomes a territory with a legislature and a representative to Congress. 3. Upon 60,000 inhabitants, it can write a constitution and be admitted to the union as a state

Question 2

Between what two qualities did the constitutional conventions seek a balance?

Answer 2

Liberty and order

Question 3

How did James Madison win approval for the constitution in Virginia?

Answer 3

Promised amendments for a Bill of Rights in the first session of Congress

Question 4

Give 3 of the six principles found in the Constitution

Answer 4

Popular Sovereignty, republican ideology, limited government, separation of powers, checks and balances, and federalism

Question 5

What were the two most controversial provisions of the proposed Ordinance of 1784?

Answer 5

The creation of 10 new states and the banning of slavery in the Northwest territory

Question 6

Why was Massachusetts able to continue supporting an established church years after the passage of the first amendment?

Answer 6

Because the Supreme Court did not extend restrictions from the Bill of Rights to the states until the 20th century

Question 7

What was the most important result of Jay’s Treaty?

Answer 7

Averted war with Great Britian

Question 8

Why was John Adams’ decision to pursue peace with France a politically brave act?

Answer 8

His party, the Federalists, preferred a war like attitude on France. By pursuing peace, he alienated part of his party and hurt his chances for reelection.

Question 9

What did Hamilton offer the South to win Southern support for assumption of state debts by the federal government?

Answer 9

Offered to build the national capital in the South

Question 10

What is the origin of the phrase “Millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute”

Answer 10

Originated during America’s quasi war with France as a reaction to French demands for political bribes in the XYZ Affair

Question 11

Name two characteristics of Oregon that attracted settlers to that region.

Answer 11

Abundant land, fertile soil, and mild climate

Question 12

Why did Tyler annex Texas through a joint-resolution of Congress rather than a treaty in the Senate?

Answer 12

For a treaty, Tyler needs a two-thirds majority which he could not muster. For a joint-resolution, he only needed a simple majority of each house.

Question 13

Put the following in Chronological order

Answer 13

Maine Boundary settlement, Oregon boundary settlement, and Gadsden Purchase

Question 14

What were the four main campaigns of the Mexican war?

Answer 14

Northern Mexico, New Mexico, California, and central Mexico

Question 15

What view of the status of slavery in the territories was expressed in the Wilmot Proviso, the Calhoun Resolutions, and Popular Sovereignty?

Answer 15

Wilmot: Prohibited slavery in the territories acquired by Mexico. Calhoun: protected slavery in all territories. Popular: allowed settlers to decide the issues for themselves.

Question 16

What three events during the period of May 21-25, 1856 focused national attention on Kansas?

Answer 16

1. The Sack of Lawrence, Kansas. 2. The Sumner-Brooks Episode. 3. Pottawatomie Massacre

Question 17

Which was the first Southern state to secede and when did it secede?

Answer 17

South Carolina. Dec. 20, 1860

Question 18

Why did Stephen Douglas break with President James Buchanan?

Answer 18

Buchanan tried to force a pro-slavery constitution on Kansas, although the majority of settlers there were anti-slavery. Douglas oppose this action as a violation of popular sovereignty.

Question 19

What was the single most important piece of abolitionist propaganda? Who was the author?

Answer 19

“Uncle Tom’s Cabin” by Harriet Beecher Stowe

Question 20

How did the fact that so many farm hands went off to fight actually help the growth of agriculture in the North?

Answer 20

The shortage of help forced farmers to use machines such as McCormick’s reaper, which proved more efficient and productive than human labor.

Question 21

Why did Jefferson Davis replace Joseph Johnston as commander of the Confederate forces in Georgia?

Answer 21

Davis feared that Johnston’s cautious retreats would result in the loss of Atlanta

Question 22

What was the main goal of Southern Diplomacy during the Civil War?

Answer 22

To persuade a European power, preferable Great Britian, to recognize the independence of the Confederacy

Question 23

The capture of what city was the key to the Mississippi River campaign?

Answer 23

Vicksburg, Mississippi

Question 24

In what three ways were the series of Confederate victories in the East from First Battle of Manassas to Chancellorsville important to the Southern cause?

Answer 24

Prevented the Union from capturing Richmond, raised Southern morale while lowering Northern morale, and helped increase the possibility of Britain’s intervening of the Southern side

Question 25

Why did some Southerners consider the Civil War to be a Second American Revolution?

Answer 25

They saw themselves like the patriots of the war for independence as fighting against an oppressive,mcentralized authority

Question 26

How did the First Battle of Manassas affect Northern and Southern morale?

Answer 26

The North was demoralized and the South was relieved and confident

Question 27

How did the South seek to maintain a control of the Mississippi River?

Answer 27

By building fortifications along the river,mischief as those in Columbus, Kentucky and Vicksburg, Mississippi

Question 28

What were the four border states at the beginning of the war?

Answer 28

Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, and Delaware

Question 29

Why were the casualties in the eastern campaigns of 1864-65 harder on Lee’s army than on Grant’s even though Grant’s losses were greater?

Answer 29

Grant had sufficient man power to replace the losses, but Lee did not