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History Final > Matching > Flashcards

Matching Flashcards

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1
Q

Government with checks and balances as well as a separation of powers

A

Limited government

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2
Q

Establishing a balance of power between the three branches of government

A

Checks and balances

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3
Q

The president is indirectly elected by the people through this entity

A

Electoral College

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4
Q

Pseudonym of New York governor George Clinton

A

Cato

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5
Q

Essays compiled and published in May 1778

A

Federalist Papers

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6
Q

Insurrection of farmers against the courts in western Massachusetts

A

Shay’s Rebellion

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7
Q

A group of military officers that wanted to establish a new government

A

Newburgh Conspiracy

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8
Q

Resulted in the creation of Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, and Wisconsin

A

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

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9
Q

Greatest triumph of foreign affairs for America’s first government

A

Treaty of Paris

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10
Q

America’s first governing document

A

Articles of Confederation

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11
Q

Organized the executive branch into 3 departments

A

George Washington

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12
Q

America’s first secretary of the treasury

A

Alexander Hamilton

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13
Q

The first 10 amendments

A

Bill of Rights

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14
Q

Those who hold to a close reading of the Constitutional text

A

Strict Constructionists

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15
Q

Debt monetizing section of Hamilton’s report on public credit

A

Funding

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16
Q

When John Adams tried to squeeze as many new Supreme Court justices as possible before Jefferson took over

A

Midnight Appointments

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17
Q

Madison’s response to the Alien and Sedition Act

A

Virginia Resolutions

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18
Q

America’s somewhat humiliating peace negations with France

A

XYZ Affair

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19
Q

Looked to the future and not the past

A

Washington’s Farewell Address

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20
Q

Attempted to persuade America to take side with the French against the British

A

Citizen Genét

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21
Q

Organized 13 district courts, one per state

A

Judiciary Act of 1789

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22
Q

Introduced amendments to the Constitution to protect individual rights

A

James Madison

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23
Q

The national government’s take over of all state debts

A

Assumption

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24
Q

Claimed to the the true keepers of the Constitutional flame

A

Federalists

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25
Q

Viewed themselves as the last of line of defense between tyranny and Liberty

A

Democratic Republicans

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26
Q

A of land int he Southwest that was bought from Mexico for $10 million

A

The Gadsden Purchase Chunk

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27
Q

Mexican port city which was captured by General Scott and the Americans in less than 3 weeks

A

Vera Cruz

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28
Q

Known as the “Pathfinder of the West”

A

John C. Fremont

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29
Q

The climax and some violent phase of manifest destiny

A

The Mexican War

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30
Q

Determined the final borders between Maine and Canada

A

Webster-Ashburton Treaty

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31
Q

Agreement that spilt disputed territory between Canada and what is now Maine

A

Webster-Ashburton Treaty

32
Q

President nicknamed “Young Hickory”

A

James K. Polk

33
Q

The climax and most violent phase of Manifest Destiny

A

Mexican War

34
Q

Explored California and helped conquer it from Mexico for the U.S.

A

John C. Fremont

35
Q

Ended hostilities between Mexico and the U.S.

A

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

36
Q

More land from Mexico in 1853

A

Gadsden Purchase

37
Q

America came close to defeat here but ultimately prevailed

A

Battle of Buena Vista

38
Q

Was the real head of the Whig party and tried to get President Tyler to submit to him

A

Henry Clay

39
Q

One of the heroes of Texas war for independence

A

Sam Houston

40
Q

Where Texans made a heroic last stand

A

The Alamo

41
Q

Where the spark that led to Civil War was ignited?

A

Fort Sumter

42
Q

The first president of the Confederacy

A

Jefferson Davis

43
Q

The Constitutional Union’s candidate for president in the election of 1860

A

John Bell

44
Q

The group that supported John Brown’s raid

A

The Secret Six

45
Q

Where John Brown’s men killed 5 pro-slavery settlers

A

Pottawatomie Massacre

46
Q

For a time, it looked like the Whigs might be replaced by this party.

A

Know-Nothings

47
Q

Republican nominee for president in 1856

A

John C. Fremont

48
Q

When pro-slavery ruffians burned, looted, and destroyed a town in Kansas

A

The Sack of Lawrence

49
Q

A Supreme Court case in 1856 that only agitated the conflict over slavery

A

Dred Scott vs. Sanford

50
Q

Group of men that supported John Brown’s plan for a slave revolt

A

Secret Six

51
Q

South Carolina’s Declaration of Independence

A

The Ordinance of Secession

52
Q

Means leave the union

A

Secede

53
Q

A territory could still prohibit slavery by refusing to adopt laws establishing and protecting it

A

Freeport Doctrine

54
Q

The real successor to the Whig Party

A

Republican Party

55
Q

Whig candidate for president in 1848

A

Zachary Taylor

56
Q

After this Union victory, Lincoln announced the Emancipation Proclamation

A

Antietam

57
Q

The Confederate victory at this battle came at a high price. General Stonewall Jackson was short by his own men and eventually died.

A

Battle of Chancellorsville

58
Q

Grant and the Union army technically won, but it was a costly victory. Each side suffered more than 10,000 casualties, both killed and wounded.

A

Battle of Shiloh

59
Q

A controversial incident in which the U.S. offended the British and narrowly avoided the, entering the war on the Confederate side.

A

Trent Affair

60
Q

Lincoln used this speech to eloquently praise the common courage and sacrifice of the soldiers of both the North and South

A

Gettysburg Address

61
Q

Americans did this so extra supplies could go to supporting the war effort

A

Rationing

62
Q

Skillfully directed a naval victory over the Japanese in the Battle of Midway

A

Chester Nimitz

63
Q

Commander of all American forces in the Far East

A

Douglas McArthur

64
Q

F.D.R.’s opponent in the presidential election of 1940

A

Wendell Willkie

65
Q

Nationalistic, militaristic totalitarian mass movement

A

Fascism

66
Q

Congress appropriated $7 billion to provide supplies for the embattled Allied nations

A

Lend-Lease Act

67
Q

Quite possibly the turning point of the war in the Pacific

A

Battle of Midway

68
Q

“The Desert Fox”

A

Erwin Rommel

69
Q

Commander of Operation Torch, and future U.S. President

A

Dwight D. Eisenhower

70
Q

The invasion of Italy, beginning with Sicily (SA)

A

Operation Husky

71
Q

Name the dictators who rose to power in Italy and the Soviet Union in the 1920s and in Germany in the 1930s. (SA)

A

Italy-Benito Mussolini. Soviet Union-Joseph Stalin. Germany-Adolf Hitler

72
Q

Who was one of the leading spokesman for the isolationist America First Committees? (SA)

A

Charles Lindbergh

73
Q

In what region of France did the landings in Operation Overlord take place? (SA)

A

Normandy

74
Q

Who was the military commander of each of the two prongs of the Allied attack in the Pacific War? (SA)

A

General Douglas MacArthur and Admiral Chester Nimitz

75
Q

At their conference at Casablanca, where did FDR and Churchill agree to open another front against the Axis? (SA)

A

Italy

History Final (5 decks)

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