Short Answer Flashcards
Phylogenetic tree diagram (taxonomic rank, which organism is close related)
Domain (Eukarya)
Kingdom (Animalia)
Phylum (Chordata)
Class (Mammalia)
Order (Carnivora)
Family
Genus
Species
Just be able to read and know what’s closely related.
One side of DNA given and whats its complimentary side
Adenine & Thymine (A&T)
Guanine & Cytosine (G&C)
Punnett square problem solving (dihybrid)
Dominant: appears when one allele is present
Recessive: appears when two alleles are present
Heterozygous: two different allele of a gene
Homozygous: two identical alleles
Phenotype: physical & physiological traits
Genotype: use letters
Why does one need a longer digestive tract than another?
Herbivores and omnivores usually have longer digestive tracts because the cellulose walls in plant tissues are more difficult to digest than animal tissues, so longer digestive tracts allow for the extra needed time for digestion.
Carnivores have shorter digestive tracts
How does a large heart adapt to help a horse run faster
It pumps blood around your body as your heart beats. This blood sends oxygen and nutrients to all parts of your body, and carries away unwanted carbon dioxide and waste products.
Their unique cardiovascular system efficiently pumps oxygen-rich blood throughout the horse’s body, allowing them to run for long periods without getting tired.
Able to increase their heart rate drastically from its resting state.
Phloem is damaged what will that do to the tree
The phloem is a vascular tissue that transports organic nutrients, often from the leaves to the roots. Ensuring that food passes throughout the whole tree. If the phloem was damaged it would there would be no transport of these nutrients which would make the tree lack the necessary nutrients in order to carry out their processes. It would also stunt root growth since the roots will not receive the proper amount of nutrients.
Mucus in the respiratory system - what’s its role, how will meds that reduce the amount of mucus cause risks
The role of mucus in the respiratory system is to moisten and warm inhaled air, trap inhaled particles that could be harmful (bacteria, dust,etc) from getting deep into the lungs and defend your body against things that could make you sick.
If the meds are taken too much they can dry up the mucus which will thicken it and lead to congestion, discomfort, dry nasal passages and nose bleeds.
Identify four types of macromolecules (main functions and 2 examples) 1.
Carbohydrates
Provide materials to build cell membranes and quick energy for use by cells.
Ex: Glucose & lactose
Identify four types of macromolecules (main functions and 2 examples) 2.
Lipids
Store energy reserves for later use by cells and provide material to build up cell membranes
Ex: fats & oils
Identify four types of macromolecules (main functions and 2 examples) 3.
Proteins
Provide structure and support for blood cells, body tissues and muscles and provide immunity against infection and disease
Ex: insulin, enzymes
Identify four types of macromolecules (main functions and 2 examples) 4.
Nucleic acids
Contain the organism’s genetic information and direct the organisms growth
Ex: DNA & RNA
Identify four types of macromolecules (main functions and 2 examples)
- Carbohydrates
- Lipids
- Protein
- Nucleic Acids
Compare & contrast eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells (SIMILARITIES)
both the cells have ribosomes that influence the process of protein synthesis.
In both types of cells, DNA exists that relates to genes.
The cell wall is present in both.
Prokaryotic Unique
- Circular DNA not bound by membrane
- Genome made up of single chromosome
- Cell division not by mitosis or meiosis
- Reprodcution: asexually
- Unicellular
- Mitochondria and other membrane bound organelles absent
- are anaerobic (no oxygen)
Eukaryotic Unique
- DNA in nucleus bounded by membrane
- Genome made up of multiple chromosomes
- Cell division by mitosis and meiosis
- Reproduction: sexual
- Multicellular
- Mitochondria and other membrane bound organelles present
- most aerobic ( oxygen)
