Multiple Choice Pt.1 Flashcards
(25 cards)
Taxonomic Ranks
Taxon: a named group of organisms such as phylum Chordata or order Rodentia
Rank: a level in a classification scheme, such as phylum or order
Taxonomic Ranks: Categories
Domain (Eukarya)
Kingdom (Animalia)
Phylum (Chordata)
Class (Mammalia)
Order (Carnivora)
Family
Genus
Species
Scientific Names
Unique name for organism, binomial nomenclature
Species Concept: Morphological
body shape, size and other structural features
Species Concept: Biological
two organisms can produce a fertile offspring
Reproductive parts of flower (angiosperm) (image on docs)
Male reproductive: stamens
Female reproductive: pistil
Reproductive parts of gymnosperm
Cones
Male: Pollen
Female: Seeds
How do fungi get nutrients
Release enzymes that break down food externally then absorb nutrients from food with cell membrane
Vertebrates Characteristics
Internal skeleton & backbone
Notochord
Dorsal nerve cord
Consists of fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds & mammals
Arthropods Characteristics
Include spiders, scorpions, lobsters & insects
Jointed foot, segmented body
Exoskeleton: external skeleton that protects organs, provides support for muscle attachment, and protects against water loss and predation.
Diploid & haploid chromosome # (ex: if gamete has this many how many does somatic - vice versa)
Diploid = 2n, zygote and somatic cells
Haploid = n, gamete cells
Which reproductive technology have farmers used for centuries (giving answer)
Artificial insemination or selective breeding
Test cross - what is it
A cross of a parent of unknown genotype and a homozygous recessive parent
Punnett squares - know all terms surrounding it (what are genotypes, phenotypes, etc)
Dominant: appears when one allele is present
Recessive: appears when two alleles are present
Heterozygous: two different allele of a gene
Homozygous: two identical alleles
Phenotype: physical & physiological traits
Genotype: use letters
Know pedigree (how to know if traits are recessive, what are these symbols)
Recessive: both parents are heterozygous for the disorder
Both parents carry the trait to pass to child
Parents have no symptoms
Inheritance patterns: Incomplete
neither allele for a gene completely conceals the presence of the other; results in intermediate expression of trait (mix)
Inheritance pattern: Codominance
both alleles for a trait are equally expressed, both are dominant
Inheritance patterns: Multiple
gene with more than two alleles, blood types
Inheritance patterns: Sex-linked
traits controlled by genes on the X & Y chromosome
What is the main clue used to recognized X-linked traits
Males have the trait more often than females
If the trait is x-linked, the son must have inherited his allele from his mother only, and his father can be unaffected.
Selective advantage - what is it
Improves an organism’s chance of survival
Fitness -What is it
of reproductively viable offspring an organism produces in the next generations
High fitness = many viable offspring
Low fitness = few to non viable offspring
Monocultures: beak variation in birds allows for what..
Extensive plantings of the same varieties of species over large expanses of land
Beak variation in birds allows individuals to exploit different environments and food sources
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck: Inheritance of acquired characteristics
characteristics acquired during an organism’s lifetime can be passed onto offspring
