Multiple Choice Pt.1

Question 1

Taxonomic Ranks

Answer 1

Taxon: a named group of organisms such as phylum Chordata or order Rodentia
Rank: a level in a classification scheme, such as phylum or order

Question 2

Taxonomic Ranks: Categories

Answer 2

Domain (Eukarya)
Kingdom (Animalia)
Phylum (Chordata)
Class (Mammalia)
Order (Carnivora)
Family
Genus
Species

Question 3

Scientific Names

Answer 3

Unique name for organism, binomial nomenclature

Question 4

Species Concept: Morphological

Answer 4

body shape, size and other structural features

Question 5

Species Concept: Biological

Answer 5

two organisms can produce a fertile offspring

Question 6

Reproductive parts of flower (angiosperm) (image on docs)

Answer 6

Male reproductive: stamens
Female reproductive: pistil

Question 7

Reproductive parts of gymnosperm

Answer 7

Cones
Male: Pollen
Female: Seeds

Question 8

How do fungi get nutrients

Answer 8

Release enzymes that break down food externally then absorb nutrients from food with cell membrane

Question 9

Vertebrates Characteristics

Answer 9

Internal skeleton & backbone
Notochord
Dorsal nerve cord
Consists of fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds & mammals

Question 10

Arthropods Characteristics

Answer 10

Include spiders, scorpions, lobsters & insects
Jointed foot, segmented body
Exoskeleton: external skeleton that protects organs, provides support for muscle attachment, and protects against water loss and predation.

Question 11

Diploid & haploid chromosome # (ex: if gamete has this many how many does somatic - vice versa)

Answer 11

Diploid = 2n, zygote and somatic cells
Haploid = n, gamete cells

Question 12

Which reproductive technology have farmers used for centuries (giving answer)

Answer 12

Artificial insemination or selective breeding

Question 13

Test cross - what is it

Answer 13

A cross of a parent of unknown genotype and a homozygous recessive parent

Question 14

Punnett squares - know all terms surrounding it (what are genotypes, phenotypes, etc)

Answer 14

Dominant: appears when one allele is present
Recessive: appears when two alleles are present
Heterozygous: two different allele of a gene
Homozygous: two identical alleles
Phenotype: physical & physiological traits
Genotype: use letters

Question 15

Know pedigree (how to know if traits are recessive, what are these symbols)

Answer 15

Recessive: both parents are heterozygous for the disorder
Both parents carry the trait to pass to child
Parents have no symptoms

Question 16

Inheritance patterns: Incomplete

Answer 16

neither allele for a gene completely conceals the presence of the other; results in intermediate expression of trait (mix)

Question 17

Inheritance pattern: Codominance

Answer 17

both alleles for a trait are equally expressed, both are dominant

Question 18

Inheritance patterns: Multiple

Answer 18

gene with more than two alleles, blood types

Question 19

Inheritance patterns: Sex-linked

Answer 19

traits controlled by genes on the X & Y chromosome

Question 20

What is the main clue used to recognized X-linked traits

Answer 20

Males have the trait more often than females
If the trait is x-linked, the son must have inherited his allele from his mother only, and his father can be unaffected.

Question 21

Selective advantage - what is it

Answer 21

Improves an organism’s chance of survival

Question 22

Fitness -What is it

Answer 22

of reproductively viable offspring an organism produces in the next generations

High fitness = many viable offspring
Low fitness = few to non viable offspring

Question 23

Monocultures: beak variation in birds allows for what..

Answer 23

Extensive plantings of the same varieties of species over large expanses of land
Beak variation in birds allows individuals to exploit different environments and food sources

Question 24

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck: Inheritance of acquired characteristics

Answer 24

characteristics acquired during an organism’s lifetime can be passed onto offspring

Question 25

Species Concept: Phylogenetic

Answer 25

examines the evolutionary history of species