Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Surgery > Shock Trauma > Flashcards

Shock Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

Shock state:

↑ CVP (Right ♡ preload pressure)
↑JVP (distended R neck vein)
NO RESPIRATORY DISTRESS

A

Cardiac Tamponade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Shock state:

↑ CVP (Right ♡ preload pressure)

RESPIRATORY DISTRESS
Decreased breath sounds
hyper-resonant on percussion

A

Tension Pneumothorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

If Pericardial Tamponade is suspected what imaging is used to confirm?

A

U/S

aka ECHOcardiograph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Hypovolemic shock:

Loss of intravascular fluid volume →

↓ CVP, ↓ PCWP & ↓ Stroke Volume →

resulting in _ CO →

compensatory ↑ SVR & ↑ HR

A

↓ CO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hypovolemic shock:

Loss of intravascular fluid volume →

_ CVP, _ PCWP & _ Stroke Volume →

resulting in ↓ CO →

compensatory ↑ SVR & ↑ HR

A

↓ CVP (R ♡ Preload)
↓ PCWP (L ♡ Preload)
↓ Stroke Volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hypovolemic shock:

Loss of intravascular fluid volume →

↓ CVP, ↓ PCWP & ↓ Stroke Volume →

resulting in ↓ CO →

_ SVR & _ HR

A

compensatory
↑ SVR
↑ HR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q 
Underlying event causes ♡ dysfunction →
\_\_ cardiac contractility →
↓ CO, \_\_ Stoke Volume, ↓ BP →
↑ catecholamine release →
↑ SVR & ↑ ♡ O2 demand →
↑ RAAS causes Na+/water retention & ↑ SVR →
shunts blood to brain & vital organs →
resulting in insufficient perfusion of peripheral organs
A

↓ Cardiac Contractility

↓ Stroke Volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q 
Underlying event causes ♡ dysfunction →
↓ cardiac contractility →
_ CO, ↓ Stoke Volume, _ BP →
↑ catecholamine release →
↑ SVR & ↑ ♡ O2 demand →
↑ RAAS causes Na+/water retention & ↑ SVR →
shunts blood to brain & vital organs →
resulting in insufficient perfusion of peripheral organs
A

↓ CO

↓ BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cardiogenic shock:

Underlying event causes ♡ dysfunction → 
↓ cardiac contractility →
↓ CO, ↓ Stoke Volume, ↓ BP →
↑  \_\_\_ release → 
↑ SVR & ↑ ♡  O2 demand → 
↑ \_\_\_ causes Na+/water retention & ↑ SVR →
shunts blood to brain & vital organs →
resulting in hypoperfusion of peripheral organs
A

↑ catecholamines

↑ renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q 
Underlying event causes ♡ dysfunction →
↓ cardiac contractility →
↓ CO, ↓ Stoke Volume, ↓ BP →
↑ catecholamine release →
↑ SVR & ↑ ♡ O2 demand →
↑ RAAS causes Na+/water retention & ↑ SVR →
shunting of \_\_\_\_\_\_ →
resulting in insufficient perfusion of peripheral organs
A

shunting of blood to the brain and vital organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q 
Cardiogenic Shock
Underlying event causes ♡ dysfunction →
↓ cardiac contractility →
↓ CO, ↓ Stoke Volume, ↓ BP →
↑ catecholamine release →
_ SVR & ↑ ♡ O2 demand →
↑ RAAS causes Na+/water retention & _ SVR →
shunts blood to brain & vital organs →
resulting in \_\_\_
A

↑ SVR (Vasoconstriction)

hypoperfusion of peripheral organs (ischemia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Obstructive shock

obstruction of the ___ or ___ →
inability of the heart to circulate blood →
↓ CO →
compensatory ↑ SVR

A

heart or its great vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Elevation and equalization of pressures in all the cardiac chambers is seen in ___

A

cardiac tamponade

unlike all other causes of obstructive shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Obstructive shock (TPX, Tamponade)

obstruction of the heart or its great vessels →
inability of the heart to circulate blood →
_ CO →
compensatory ↑ SVR

A

↓ CO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Obstructive shock

obstruction of the heart or its great vessels →
inability of the heart to circulate blood →
↓ CO →
compensatory ↑ __

A

↑ SVR

systemic vasocontriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Septic shock

Dysregulated ______ →

capillary leakage and systemic vasodilation →

acute organ dysfunction

A

host immune response to infection

17
Q

Septic shock
Dysregulated host immune response to infection →

capillary leakage & __ SVR → __ CO →

acute organ dysfunction

A

↓ SVR (systemic vasodilation)

↑ CO

18
Q

Neurogenic shock

Damage of ___ pathways →

loss of sympathetic vascular tone →

unopposed vagal tone →

↓ SVR (peripheral vasodilation) →

pooling of peripheral blood

A

autonomic

19
Q

Neurogenic shock

Damage of autonomic pathways →
 loss of \_\_\_\_ →
 unopposed vagal tone →
↓ SVR (peripheral vasodilation) →
 pooling of peripheral blood
A

↓ sympathetic vascular tone

20
Q

Neurogenic shock

Damage of autonomic pathways →

loss of sympathetic vascular tone →

unopposed ___ →

↓ SVR (peripheral vasodilation) →

pooling of peripheral blood

A

vagal tone

{Parasympathetic tone}

21
Q

Neurogenic shock

Damage of autonomic pathways →
 loss of sympathetic vascular tone →
 unopposed vagal tone (PSNS) →
_ SVR & _ Cardiac Index/Output  →
 pooling of peripheral blood
A

↓ SVR (peripheral vasodilation)

↓ CO/CI

22
Q

Anaphylactic shock

immunologic anaphylaxis 
(HSR Type _; Ig_ mediated) 
degranulation of mast cells →
 massive histamine release →
↓ SVR (systemic vasodilation) and ↑ capillary leakage
A

type I

IgE

23
Q

Causes of obstructive shock
↓ ___ filling → cardiac tamponade
↓ ____ return → TPX
↑ Ventricular ____ → massive PR or Aortic Dissection

A

↓ Diastolic filling
↓ Venous return
↑ Ventricular afterload

24
Q

Anaphylactic shock

immunologic anaphylaxis (type I HSR; IgE-mediated) or nonimmunologic anaphylaxis (not IgE-mediated) →
degranulation of ___ cells →
massive release of ____ →
_ SVR and ↑ capillary leakage

A

mast
histamine
↓ SVR (systemic vasodilation)

25
Q

List 3 types of Distributive shock

A

Septic shock
Anaphylactic shock
Neurogenic shock

26
Q

cause of Septic shock

A

Infection/ bacteremia

especially gram-negative bacteria

27
Q

Causes of Anaphylactic shock
– Food allergies (e.g. peanuts)
–
–

A 
Drug reactions (e.g. sulfa drugs) 
Insect stings or bites (e.g. bee stings)
28
Q

causes of Neurogenic shock (2)

A

Spinal cord injury

Traumatic brain injury/Cerebral hemorrhage

29
Q

↑ Lactate indicated global ____

A

hypoperfusion/ ischemia

30
Q

One imaging study to consider for hypovolemic shock

A 
FAST exam
(to assess for intraperitoneal hemorrhage)
31
Q

3 Studies to consider for cardiogenic shock

A

EKG
Echo
cardiac markers (Troponin)

32
Q

Imaging studies to consider for obstructive shock

3

A

ECHO aka U/S ( r/o Cardiac Tamponade)

CXR ( r/o TPX)

CTA (pulm) or V/Q scan ( r/p PE & aortic dissection)

33
Q

Causes of obstructive shock
↓ Diastolic filling → ____
↓ Venous return → ____
↑ Ventricular afterload → ____ or ____

A

Cardiac tamponade

Tension pneumothorax

Massive pulmonary embolism (PE)
or
Aortic dissection

Surgery (36 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions