Shock Flashcards
___ is a physiologic state characterized by systemic reduction in tissue perfusion, resulting in decreased
tissue oxygen delivery.
Shock
Shock usually result of inadequate _______ delivery
blood flow and/or oxygen
Effects on organ of the shock
Hypotension Tachypnea Pulmonary edema Mayor reabsorption of water Coagulation abnormalities Less urine output
Types of shock
Hypovolemic Cardiogenic Metabolic/Respiratory Obstrutive Distributive
Etiology of hypovolemic shock
Haemorrhage
Plasma body water loss
Electrolytes imbalance
Etiology of cardiogenic shock
Valvular heart disease Myocardial infarction Cardiac arrhythmias Cardiomyopathy
Beck Triad
hyptension, jugular distension, absent heart sounds
Etiology of obstructive shock
Cardiac tamponade
Pulmonary embolism
Tension Pneumothorax
Air embolism
Etiology of neurogenic shock
Paraplegia
Quadriplegia
Trauma to spinal cord
Spinal anesthesia
Etiology of anaphylactic shock
Injections
Anaesthetics
Stings
Shelfish
Etiology of septic shock
Virus
Fungi
Protozoa
Types of clinical features of the shock
Mild, moderate, severe
Clinical features of mild shock
Sweat Urine output normal Pulse rate normal Blood pressure normal Patient feels thirsty and cold
Clinical features of moderate shock
Confused
Oliguria
Pulse rate >100
Clinical features of severe shock
Unconscious Gasping respiration Anuria Rapid pulse Profound hypotension
Stages of shock
Initial
Non-progressive (compensated stage)
Progressive (decompensated stage)
Refractory
Stage of the shock where the cells become leaky and switch to anaerobic metabolism.
initial
Stage of the shock where attempt to correct the metabolic upset of shock.
Non-progressive (compensated stage)
Stage of the shock where eventually the compensation will begin to fail.
Progressive (decompensated stage)
Stage of the shock where organs fail and the shock can no longer be reversed.
refractory
All of the following are causes related to obstructive shock except
cardiac arrhytmias
Which of the following is the agent of choice in Severe septic shock?
Dobutamine
Which of the following is the agent of choice in distributive shock states?
Vasopressors - Phenylephrine / NA
A 19-year-old male is brought to the hospital after sustaining an abdominal injury while playing rugby. He is complaining of left upper abdominal pain and has some bruising over the same area. His pulse is 140/min and his BP is 100/82mmHg. What is the type of shock?
Hypovolaemic shock.
