Shock

Question 1

What is cardiogenic shock?

Answer 1

Reduced force of cardiac contraction and SV

So reduces CO and MAP

Question 2

How does cardiogenic shock present?

Answer 2

Clammy
Cool peripheries
Mottling
Low GCS

Question 3

What is hypovolaemic shock?

Answer 3

Reduced blood volume

Low venous return to heart

Question 4

How does hypovolaemic shock present?

Answer 4

Tachycardic
Bleeding
Drowsiness
Hypotensive
Tachypnoeic

Question 5

What is obstructive shock?

Answer 5

Obstructive to heart working well
Eg clot, tamponade, etc
Similar to cardiogenic

Question 6

What should be measured in suspected shock?

Answer 6

Urine output
Lactate
MAP

Question 7

Give an example of causes of cardiogenic shock

Answer 7

MI
Valve failure
Arrythmia
Poison

Question 8

How does obstructive shock present?

Answer 8

Raised JVP

Distended neck pains

Question 9

Give example of causes of obstructive shock

Answer 9

Trauma, aortic dissection - tamponade
Trauma, pleural pathology - tension pneumothorax
PE

Question 10

How is cardiac tamponade treated?

Answer 10

Pericardiocentesis

Question 11

How is aortic dissection treated?

Answer 11

Thoracotomy

Question 12

How is a tension pneumothorax treated?

Answer 12

Thoracocentesis

Wide bore cannula 2nd intercostal space, midclavicular line

Question 13

Give example of a cause of neurogenic shock

Answer 13

Spinal cord damage

Iatrogenic