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Year 3 - Haematology > Pancytopenia > Flashcards

Pancytopenia Flashcards

1
Q

What is pancytopenia?

A

Def of blood cells of all lineages (generally excludes lymphocytes)

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2
Q

How does Fanconi’s anaemia present?

A 
Short stature
Skin pigmentation abnormality
Hypogenitalia
Endocrinopathies
GI defects
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3
Q

Roughly at what age does Fanconi’s anaemia present?

A

Around 7

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4
Q

Outline the pathophysiology in Fanconi’s anaemia

A

Can’t proof read or correct cross links errors in DNA

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5
Q

What is the pathophysiology of idiopathic aplastic anaemia?

A

Autoimmune attack against hemopoietic cells by T cells leading to hypocellular bone marrow

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6
Q

Describe myelodysplasia

A

Hypercellular bone marrow but no increase in cells outwith this are the cells produced are ineffective/dysplastic

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7
Q

How does acute leukaemia prevent normal haemopoeisis?

A

Alters microenvironment in the bone marrow

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8
Q

Describe the bone marrow in idiopathic aplastic anaemia

A

Hypocellular

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9
Q

Give secondary causes of pancytopenia

A

Iatrogenic
B12/Folate def
HIV

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10
Q

Describe the bone marrow is drug-induced pancytopenia

A

Hypocellular

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11
Q

Describe the bone marrow in b12/folate def

A

Hypercellular

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12
Q

Which artery supplies the spleen?

A

Splenic

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13
Q

Which artery is the splenic artery a branch of?

A

Coeliac axis

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14
Q

Which vein drains the spleen?

A

Splenic

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15
Q

Give causes of hypersplenism

A

Portal HTN
Congestive heart failure
Rheumatoid arthritis
Splenic lymphoma

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16
Q

What is Felty’s syndrome?

A

Rh arthritis
Splenomegaly
Neutropenia

17
Q

How does pancytopenia present?

A

Features of:
Anaemia
Neutropenia
Thrombocytopenia

18
Q

How does neutropenia clinically appear?

A

Gram neg infections

Fungal infections

19
Q

How is pancytopenia treated?

A

Red cell and platelet transfusion

Abx prophylaxis

20
Q

How is idiopathic aplastic anaemia treated?

A

Immunosuppression

Anti-lymphocyte globulin

21
Q

Which drugs may cause iatrogenic secondary pancytopenia?

A

Chloramphenicol
Chemo
Alcohol

Year 3 - Haematology (17 decks)

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