Shock

Question 1

Definition of shock =

Answer 1

abnormality of circulatory system resulting in inadequate tissue perfusion and oxygenation

Question 2

Hypovolaemic shock is caused by ____

Leading to ___

Answer 2

blood loss (decreased blood volume)
decreased SV>decreased CO and bp

Question 3

Cardiogenic shock is caused by ___
eg.
Leading to ___

Answer 3

sustained hypotension
acute MI
decreased contractility>SV>CO and bp

Question 4

Obstructive shock causative eg.s

Leads to:

Answer 4

cardiac tamponade, PE, severe aortic stenosis, tension pneumothorax
^intrathoracic P>less venous return>less SV>down CO and bp

Question 5

Distributive shock = ____ + _____

Answer 5

neurogenic

vasoactive

Question 6

neurogenic shock eg.

leads to:

Answer 6

spinal cord injury

loss of symp tone>vessel dilation>less venous return+TPR > down CO and bp

Question 7

vasoactive shock eg.

leads to:

Answer 7

anaphlactic/septic

vasoactive mediators released>vessel dilation and capillary perm^>less venous return+TPR>down CO+bp

Question 8

Treatment for shock:

Answer 8

high flow FiO2, fluids, inotropes (cardiogenic), immediate chest drain (tension pneumo), adrenaline (anaphylactic), vasopressors (septic)

Question 9

CVS compensatory mechanisms maintain bp until ___% of blood is lost

Answer 9

30%

Question 10

As more blood is lost: HR? RR? bp? urine output? mental status?

Answer 10

HR, RR increase

bp, urine, mental status decrease