Shock

Question 1

Hypovolaemic Shock

Answer 1

Results from a reduction in circulating intravsacular volume

Question 2

Cardiogenic shock

Answer 2

Due to the inability of the heart to pump effectivley

Question 3

Distributive Shock

Answer 3

Due to excessive vasodilation, vascular volume has not changed

Question 4

Hypovolaemic Causes

Answer 4

-Haemorrhage (trauma, clot diorder, ruptured tumour)
-burns
-Severe dehydration
-Neoplasia
-Persistent V/D
-3rd Space fluid loss (peritoneal, pleural)

Question 5

Hypovolaemic Clinical signs

Answer 5

-Pale/white MM
-CRT prolonged
-Cold extremities
-Tachycardia
-Low blood pressure

Question 6

Hypovolaemic Treatment

Answer 6

-Type of replacement will depend on reason for loss
-Fluid replacement- normally crystalloid

Question 7

Hypovolaemic DONTS

Answer 7

-Exercise
-Apply direct heat
-give water orally initially

Question 8

Cardiogenic Shock causes

Answer 8

Seen in degenerative conditions of heart muscles, e.g, cardiomyopathy

Question 9

Cardiogenic treatment

Answer 9

Depends on treating underlting heart disease

IVFT contraindicated in cases as no loss of circulating vlume

Question 10

Cardiogenic clinical signs

Answer 10

-Heart murmurs
-Irregular pulses
-Tachycardia
-Bradycarida

Question 11

Distributive Shcok - Anaphylactic

Answer 11

An allergic reaction to an antigen that body is sensitised

Question 12

Distributive shock- Septic/Endotoxic

Answer 12

Bacteria/toxins eneter circulation.

Causes include systemic inflammation response syndrome (SIRS), burns, neoplasia

Question 13

Distributive Treatment

Answer 13

-Rapid identification and treatment
-IVFT

Question 14

Distributive Clinical Signs

Answer 14

-Tachycarida
-Poor pulse
-Red MM
-Reduced blood pressure
-Warm extremities blood pooling