Shock

Question 1

Types

Answer 1

1. Hypovolemic
2. Cardiogenic
3. Distributive
4. Obstructive
5. Septic

Question 2

Hypovolemic Cause

Answer 2

1. Profuse Bleeding
2. Diarrhea, vomiting
3. Placental abruption
   In kids:
4. Diarrhea, vomiting
5. Bleeding because of trauma

Question 3

Cardiogenic

Answer 3

Problem in heart muscle not in volume
Congenital cardiomyopathy
Heart surgery
Valve problems

Question 4

Distributive cause

Answer 4

Vasodilation, capillary leak
The circulating volume decreases
In:
- Anaphylaxis
- Spine trauma
- Drugs

Question 5

Obstructive

Answer 5

• Pulmonary emboli
• Pneumothorax
• Aortic narrowing
• Tamponade

Question 6

Septic

Answer 6

Cardiogenic + Hypovolemic + Distributive

Question 7

Lab tests in shock

Answer 7

• Treatment before lab results
• CBC Diff: Bleeding
• Electrolytes: Lactic acidosis, imbalance (like hyperkalemia,…)
• BS
• B/C
• ABG: Metabolic Acidosis

Question 8

Liquid Therapy

Answer 8

20cc/kg Normal Saline or Ringer Lactate (even 3-4 times)
O- blood if no time for cross-match

Question 9

Compensation mechanism

Answer 9

1- Sympathetic & Parasympathetic
2- Catecholamine release
3- Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone
4- ADH release