Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GI 2 Midterm > Shnyra - GI Immuno > Flashcards

Shnyra - GI Immuno Flashcards

1
Q

Cause of IBD?

A

Abnormality in the epithelial barrier layer or in restitution following epithelial damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is associated with increased permeability of the epithelial of the gut?

A

IBD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is considered as the primary abnormality in IBD?

A

Changes in the permeability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When bacterial components cross the mucosal barrier and come into direct contact with immune cells what does it induce?

A

Adaptive immune response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where does IBD develop?

A

Terminal ileum and colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What bacteria may cause IBD, although not proven?

A

M. Paratuberculosis
Measles virus (paramyxovirus)
L. Monocytogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do commensal microflora suppress?

A

NF-KB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What triggers ulcerative colitis?

A

Epithelial Ags

Altered aerobic bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What triggers crohn’s disease?

A

Anaerobic bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What dietary component can stimulate IL-10 production in the LP?

A

Acetate produced from fermenting polysaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the pathogenesis of proinflammatory genes in the absence of Bacteroids?

A

Salmonella flagellin bind TLR5 intestinal epithelial cells
Activates IKB kinase (IKK) and NF-KB
NF-KB transcribes proinflammatory genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe the pathogenesis of proinflammatory genes in the presence of Bacteroids?

A

Proinflammatory response attenuated

Induction of Peroxisome proliferation activated receptor (PPAR) –> exports activated NF-KB from nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In what disease is only the colon involved?

A

UC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In what disease is continuous inflammation extending proximally from rectum?

A

UC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In what disease is there transmural inflammation?

A

CD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In what disease are there noncaseating granulomas?

A

CD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

In what disease are there no granulomas?

A

UC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

In what disease is pANCA positive?

A

UC

19
Q

In what disease is ASCA positive?

A

CD

20
Q

In what disease is bleeding common?

A

UC

21
Q

In what disease do fistulae occur?

A

Crohn’s

22
Q

Combination of ASCA (+) w/ (-) pANCA means what?

A

96% CD

23
Q

What is characterized as Th1 and Th17 disease?

Driven by production of what?

A

CD

TNF/IFN-g and IL-17

24
Q

What is characterized as Th2 disease?

Driven by production of what?

A

UC

IL-5 and IL-13 (made by NKT cells)

25
Q

What activates Th1 cells?

What do they make?

Leads to what?

A

IL-12

IFN-g, IL-2

Ag presentation and cellular immunity

26
Q

What activates Th2 cells?

What do they make?

Leads to what?

A

IL-4

IL-4, IL-5, IL-13

Humoral immunity and allergy

27
Q

What activates Th17 cells?

What do they make?

Leads to what?

A

IL-6, IL-23

IL-17

Tissue inflammation

28
Q

What produces IL-23?

Regulates what?

Is closely rated to what and regulates what Th response?

A

APCs

marcophages and DCs

IL-12, Th1 response

29
Q

What is an IL-2 receptor?

A

CD25

30
Q

What produces IL-11?

Regulates what?

Decreased expression of IL-11 leads to genetic predisposition of what?

A

Stromal cells in bone marrow

Development of B cells

UC

31
Q

What is present on all B cells but not plasma cells?

A

CD20

32
Q

IBD is believed to be the result of a what?

A

Breakdown of tolerance to resident enteric bacteria (microflora)

33
Q

Where can Treg cells act?

A

Locally

Draining LNs

34
Q

What cytokines can Tregs secrete to suppress APCs?

How else can they suppress APCs?

A

IL-4, IL-10, TGF-B

Directly through cell-to-cell interactions

35
Q

IBD-1 is found on what chromosome?

Called what gene?

A

16

CARD15/NOD2 (intracellular pathogen recognition receptor, PPR)

36
Q

Defects in CARD15/NOD2 found in what?

A

17-27% of CD

37
Q

What does CARD15/NOD 2 recognize?

Triggers what?

Expressed in what?

A

Muramyl dipeptide (MDP)

Activation of NF-KB

Monocytes/macrophages

38
Q

CARD15-MMP activates what complex?

From the complex, what translocates to the nucleus?

A

NF-KB, IKB, p65, p50

P65, p50

39
Q

Card15 mutation may do what?

A

Increase susceptibilty to chronic intracellular infection or prevent development of tolerance

40
Q

What does smoking do.

A

Reduces mucosal cytokine production and promotes adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells

41
Q

what does smoking enhance?

A

Small bowel permeability and colonic mucus production

42
Q

Refined sugar is a RF for what?

Fat intake linked to what?

Inc. fiber consumption dec. Risk for what?

Early appendectomy associated with what?

A

CD

UC

IBD

UC

43
Q

What other environmental factors increase risk for IBD/UC?

A

Oral bcp
NSAIDS
Sedentary work
Higher socioeconomic groups

GI 2 Midterm (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions