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GI 2 Midterm > Chapter 17 Slide Set 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Slide Set 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What can develop in the setting of celiac disease?

A

EATL

Adenocarcinoma

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2
Q

FAP inheritence pattern?

What mutation?

Hypertrophy of what?

A

AD

APC

retinal pigment epithelium

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3
Q

Clinical features of small bowel infarction and demographic?

A

Abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, decreased bowel sounds

> 70 y/o, CAD

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4
Q

What size of adenoma has 40% risk for cancer?

A

Greater than 4cm

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5
Q

What is caused by a defect in lymphatic transport?

A

Whipped disease

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6
Q

Transmural infarction of the small bowel occurs with thrombosis of what 2 structures?

A

SMA at splenic flexure

Mesenteric vein

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7
Q

Which IBD is associated with PSC?

A

UC

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8
Q

What are the 4 types of diarrhea?

A

Secretory
Osmotic
Malabsroptive
Exudate

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9
Q

What kind of diarrhea is associated with lactase deficiency?

A

Osmotic (abates with fasting)

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10
Q

MMR deficiency is seen with what age group?

What kind of adenoma?

A

Under 50

Sessile serrated adenoma

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11
Q

What is the most common cause of obstruction worldwide?

A

Hernia

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12
Q

Which IBD has risk for recurrence after surgery?

Malignant potential?

A

Crohn’s

UC

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13
Q

What is the mutation in abetalipoproteinemia?

What stain?

A

MTP

Oil red-O

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14
Q

Which IBD has broad-based ulcers, pseudopolyps, and mucosal bridges?

Risk for what

A

UC

Toxic megacolon

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15
Q

What kind of obstruction presents in the LLQ and has increased tympanic sounds and distention?

A

Volvulus (twisting of a loop of bowel about its mesenteric point of attachment)

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16
Q

In ischemic bowel disease with transmural infarction, what kind of pathologic finding is seen?

A

Coagulative necrosis of the muscularis propria with 1-4 days

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17
Q

Gardner syndrome associated with what?

A

APC mutation

Osteomas, thyroid/Desmond tumor, skin cyst

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18
Q

Dermatitis herpetiformis is seen in what disease?

What antibody?

A

Celiac disease

IgA anti-gluten Ab

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19
Q

What is caused by a defect in intraluminal digestion?

A

Chronic pancreatitis

Cystic fibrosis

20
Q

Etiology of adhesions?

A

Acquired -> surgery, trauma, intra-abdominal infection, endometriosis

21
Q

What is diagnostic for celiac?

What HLA associations?

A

Tissue transglutaminase (tTG)

DQ2 or DQ8

22
Q

What type of polyp is the most common found in the left colon?

Most common when?

A

Hyperplastic

60-70

23
Q

What organism causes a pattern of neutrophils resembling volcanic crypts?

Causes what?

A

C. Diff

Pseudomembranous colitis

24
Q

What gene abnormality with autoimmune enteropathy?

Inheritence pattern?

A

IPEX due to FOXP3 mutation

X-linked

25
Q

What presents as only transepithelial transport abnormalities?

A

Abetalipoproteinemia

26
Q

What only presents with terminal digestion problems?

A

Autoimmune enteropathy

27
Q

Congenital lactase deficiency what inheritence?

A

AR

28
Q

What kind of polyps are associated with juvenile polyps and Peutz-Jeghers syndrome?

A

Hamartoma tous polyps

29
Q

What causes pencil thin stools?

A

Left sided colon cancer

30
Q

What is a rare AR disease characterized by inability to secrete triglyceride-rich lipoproteins?

What histologic finding?

A

Abetalipoproteinemia

Acantholytic red cell (Burr cell)

31
Q

What incidental tumor is commonly found during appendectomy?

Describe it

A

Neuroendocrine tumor (Carcinoid)

Bright Yellow, tan, well-circumscribed

32
Q

Gene mutation in UC?

A

ECM1

HNFA

33
Q

Mean age of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome?

Gene mutation?

What extra-gi manifestation?

Inheritence pattern?

A

10-15

STK11

Pigmented macules around face

AD

34
Q

Hiv positive and HPV related problems of anus is most likely what?

A

Hemorrhoids

35
Q

HNPCC mutated gene?

Inheritance pattern?

Molecular defect?

Location?

A

MSH2, MLH1

AD

DNA MMR

Right side

36
Q

What are the 2 most important prognostic factors in colon cancer?

A 
Depth of invasion (T)
# of nodes (N)
37
Q

Gene mutation in Crohn’s?

A

NOD2
ATG16L1
IRGM

38
Q

What pathologic finding for IBS?

Affects who?

A

NONE

Females 20-40

39
Q

What kind of obstruction is the most common cause in kids under 2?

Due to what?

A

Intussusception

After viral infection or rotavirus vaccine

40
Q

Mean age of juvenile polypsosis?

gene mutation?

Risk of what?

A

< 5

SMAD4, BMPR1A, TGF-B

Gastric, small intestine, colonic, pancreatic adenocarcinoma

41
Q

Which IBD disease is smoking protective for?

A

UC

42
Q

What is the most common malignancy of the GI tract?

A

Adenocarcinoma of the colon

43
Q

How do you diagnose intussusception?

A

Contrast enema

44
Q

Turcot syndrome associated with what?

A

APC mutation

Medulloblastoma, glioblastoma

45
Q

What is the most common cause of obstruction in the U.S.?

A

Adhesion

46
Q

Location of Crohn’s disease?

Morphologic features?

A

Skip lesions, Right colon, iléal Cecil valve

Strictures, transmural inflammation, creeping fat, granulomas

47
Q

Which IBD puts at a risk for fistulae, perforation and colonic adenocarcinoma?

A

Crohn’s

GI 2 Midterm (5 decks)

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