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GI 2 Midterm > Chapter 16 Slide Set 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 16 Slide Set 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the major predisposing conditions to mucormycosis?

A

DM
Iron overload
Corticosteroid use
Neutropenia

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2
Q

What benign gingival mass w/rapid onset is seen in pregnant women, children and young adults?

A

Pyogenic granuloma

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3
Q

Where are favored locations for squamous cell cancer?

Typically are preceded by what?

A 
Ventral tongue
FOM
Lower lip
Soft palate
Gingiva

Precancerous lesion

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4
Q

Multiple OKCs should be evaluated for what nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome?

Associated with what?

A

Gorlin syndrome

Mutation in PTCH on ch. 9

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5
Q

Measles (rubeola) is what kind of virus?

A

ssRNA of paramyxovirus family

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6
Q

What is a torus palatinus?

A

Bony malformation on had palate

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7
Q

What neoplasm is associated with PLAG1 gene mutation?

A

Pleomorphic adenoma (benign)

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8
Q

What test is used to diagnose HSV?

Positive when?

A

Tzanck test

If acantholytic keratinocytes or multinucleated giant acantholytic keratinocytes are detected

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9
Q

Most squamous cell cancers are due to what?

A

Alcohol and tobacco

HPV (16)

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10
Q

Lymphoid organs in Measles have what characterisitic finding?

A

Warthin-Finkeldey cells

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11
Q

What kind of tumors do better in prognosis?

A

HPV (+) compared to HPV (-)

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12
Q

What is an epithelial-lined cyst that arise when the duct of the sublingual gland has been damaged?

A

Ranula

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13
Q

What are the 3 main sites of invasion by mucormycosis?

A

Sinuses
Lungs
Gi tract

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14
Q

What causes Hutchinson teeth?

A

Syphilis

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15
Q

What autosomal dominant disorder causes multiple congenital aneurysmal telangiectasias beneath the mucosal surfaces of the oral cavity and lips?

A

Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome

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16
Q

Where does HPV metastasize to (LN)?

A

Deep Cervical LN

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17
Q

Is leukoplakia or erythroplakia more common?

What is more likely to become cancer?

A

Leukoplakia

Erythroplakia

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18
Q

What is a nonseptate hyphae of width 6-50 um with right angle branching?

A

Mucormycosis (Zygomycosis)

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19
Q

Can leukoplakias be scraped off?

Considered what?

A

No

Precancerous

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20
Q

When do benign tumors of the salivary gland most often appear?

Malignant?

A

50-70

Later than that

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21
Q

What causes a dirty white, fibrinosuppurative, tough, inflammatory membrane over the tonisils and retropharynx (sometimes called a pseudo-membrane)?

A

Diphtheria

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22
Q

What is the most common cause of tooth loss before age 35?

A

Caries

23
Q

What presents as a well demarcated mass of the parotid of varying size and commonly recurs?

Dominant histological feature is what?

A

Pleomorphic adenoma

Great heterogeneity (myxoid and chondroid)

24
Q

What organisms most commonly cause sialadenitis secondary to sialolithiasis?

Unilateral or bilateral gland involvement is the rule?

A

S. Aureus
S. Viridans

Unilateral

25
Q

What salivary tumor has dark, compact nuclei and scant cytoplasm with dissemination to bone, liver and brain?

A

Adenoid cystic carcinoma

26
Q

Where does HPV originate?

Precancerous lesion present?

A

Tonsillar crypts, base of tongue, oropharynx

NO

27
Q

What does periodontitis affect?

A

Periodontal ligament
Alveolar bone
Cementum

28
Q

What molecular biology is associated with HPV?

A

P16 overexpression (CDKN2A)
P53
Rb

29
Q

Where are odontogenic cysts derived from?

How are they classified?

A

Odontogenic epithelium present w/in the jaw

Inflammatory or developmental

30
Q

What causes sialadenitis?

A

Trauma
Viral (Mumps)
Bacterial infection
Autoimmune disease (sjogren syndrome)

31
Q

What malignant tumor grows along nerves causing pain as a symptom?

Prognosis?

A

Adenoid cystic carcinoma

Poorer

32
Q

Where does SCC metastasize locally?

Distant?

A

Submandibular and cervical nodes

Mediastinal nodes, lungs, liver, bones

33
Q

What causes striking fibrous enlargement of the gingivae?

A

Phenytoin (Dilantin) ingestion

34
Q

Canker sores have associations with what systemic diseases?

A

Celiac
IBD
Behcet

35
Q

How is HSV reactivated?

A

Sunlight
Hormones
Illness
Temp changes

36
Q

What is the #1 cause of xerostomia?

A

Drugs

37
Q

What causes Ludwig angina?

A

Pancytopenia

38
Q

95% of cancers in head and neck are what?

Remainder are what?

A

Squamous cell

Adenocarcinoma from salivary gland

39
Q

What is the most common primary malignancy of salivary glands?

What gene association?

Disturbs what pathway?

A

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma

Translocation of (11;19)
MECT1 - MAML2

Notch and cAMP

40
Q

Gram (+) rod with clubbed ends spread via respiratory droplets is what?

A

Corynebacterium diphtheria

41
Q

What is the most common type of odontogenic tumor?

Arises from what?

Probably are what?

A

Odontoma

Epithelium

Hamartomas

42
Q

What neoplasms is almost exclusively limited to the parotid and has a high risk associated with smoking?

Benign or malignant?

Distribution?

A

Warthin Tumor (papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum)

Benign

10% multifocal, 10% bilateral

43
Q

Thrush can occur in what other settings?

A

DM
Vaginal yeast infection in pregnant women
Antibiotics or steroid inhalers

44
Q

What are some immune compromised conditions associated with Candida?

A

HIV/AIDS
Cancer
Organ or bone marrow transplant

45
Q

What cause hairy leukoplakia?

What kind of cells are seen and in what layer?

A

EBV

Balloon cells in upper spinous layer

46
Q

What cell markers have been ID’ed with measles?

A

CD46
SLAM
nectin 4

47
Q

Irritation fibroma is a result of what?

Tx?

A

Repetitive trauma (biting)

Surgical excision

48
Q

What symptoms indicate HSV infection?

A

Lymphadenopathy
Fever
Anorexia
Irritability

49
Q

What are benign salivary gland tumors?

A

Pleomorphic adenoma

Warthin tumor

50
Q

Infection of mucor is recognized by what?

Activates what?

A

TLR2

IL-6 and TNF-a

51
Q

Where does amelobastoma arise from?

Shows what?

What course?

A

Odontogenic epithelium

NO ectomesenchymal differentiation

Indolent but locally invasive

52
Q

What causes acute pharyngitis and tonsillitis that may cause coating with gray-white exudative membrane? Also see enlargement of neck LNs

What is the etiology?

A

Infectious mononucleosis

EBV

53
Q

What is characterized by enlargement of the gingivae often with accompanying periodontitis?

A

Monocytic leukemia

54
Q

What mutations are associated with squamous cell cancer?

What chromosome?

A

TP53, NOTCH, p63

17 (for TP53)

GI 2 Midterm (5 decks)

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