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GI 2 Midterm > Chapter 16 Slide Set 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 16 Slide Set 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the major predisposing conditions to mucormycosis?

A

DM
Iron overload
Corticosteroid use
Neutropenia

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2
Q

What benign gingival mass w/rapid onset is seen in pregnant women, children and young adults?

A

Pyogenic granuloma

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3
Q

Where are favored locations for squamous cell cancer?

Typically are preceded by what?

A 
Ventral tongue
FOM
Lower lip
Soft palate
Gingiva

Precancerous lesion

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4
Q

Multiple OKCs should be evaluated for what nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome?

Associated with what?

A

Gorlin syndrome

Mutation in PTCH on ch. 9

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5
Q

Measles (rubeola) is what kind of virus?

A

ssRNA of paramyxovirus family

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6
Q

What is a torus palatinus?

A

Bony malformation on had palate

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7
Q

What neoplasm is associated with PLAG1 gene mutation?

A

Pleomorphic adenoma (benign)

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8
Q

What test is used to diagnose HSV?

Positive when?

A

Tzanck test

If acantholytic keratinocytes or multinucleated giant acantholytic keratinocytes are detected

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9
Q

Most squamous cell cancers are due to what?

A

Alcohol and tobacco

HPV (16)

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10
Q

Lymphoid organs in Measles have what characterisitic finding?

A

Warthin-Finkeldey cells

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11
Q

What kind of tumors do better in prognosis?

A

HPV (+) compared to HPV (-)

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12
Q

What is an epithelial-lined cyst that arise when the duct of the sublingual gland has been damaged?

A

Ranula

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13
Q

What are the 3 main sites of invasion by mucormycosis?

A

Sinuses
Lungs
Gi tract

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14
Q

What causes Hutchinson teeth?

A

Syphilis

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15
Q

What autosomal dominant disorder causes multiple congenital aneurysmal telangiectasias beneath the mucosal surfaces of the oral cavity and lips?

A

Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome

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16
Q

Where does HPV metastasize to (LN)?

A

Deep Cervical LN

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17
Q

Is leukoplakia or erythroplakia more common?

What is more likely to become cancer?

A

Leukoplakia

Erythroplakia

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18
Q

What is a nonseptate hyphae of width 6-50 um with right angle branching?

A

Mucormycosis (Zygomycosis)

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19
Q

Can leukoplakias be scraped off?

Considered what?

A

No

Precancerous

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20
Q

When do benign tumors of the salivary gland most often appear?

Malignant?

A

50-70

Later than that

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21
Q

What causes a dirty white, fibrinosuppurative, tough, inflammatory membrane over the tonisils and retropharynx (sometimes called a pseudo-membrane)?

A

Diphtheria

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22
Q

What is the most common cause of tooth loss before age 35?

23
Q

What presents as a well demarcated mass of the parotid of varying size and commonly recurs?

Dominant histological feature is what?

A

Pleomorphic adenoma

Great heterogeneity (myxoid and chondroid)

24
Q

What organisms most commonly cause sialadenitis secondary to sialolithiasis?

Unilateral or bilateral gland involvement is the rule?

A

S. Aureus
S. Viridans

Unilateral

25
What salivary tumor has dark, compact nuclei and scant cytoplasm with dissemination to bone, liver and brain?
Adenoid cystic carcinoma
26
Where does HPV originate? Precancerous lesion present?
Tonsillar crypts, base of tongue, oropharynx NO
27
What does periodontitis affect?
Periodontal ligament Alveolar bone Cementum
28
What molecular biology is associated with HPV?
P16 overexpression (CDKN2A) P53 Rb
29
Where are odontogenic cysts derived from? How are they classified?
Odontogenic epithelium present w/in the jaw Inflammatory or developmental
30
What causes sialadenitis?
Trauma Viral (Mumps) Bacterial infection Autoimmune disease (sjogren syndrome)
31
What malignant tumor grows along nerves causing pain as a symptom? Prognosis?
Adenoid cystic carcinoma Poorer
32
Where does SCC metastasize locally? Distant?
Submandibular and cervical nodes Mediastinal nodes, lungs, liver, bones
33
What causes striking fibrous enlargement of the gingivae?
Phenytoin (Dilantin) ingestion
34
Canker sores have associations with what systemic diseases?
Celiac IBD Behcet
35
How is HSV reactivated?
Sunlight Hormones Illness Temp changes
36
What is the #1 cause of xerostomia?
Drugs
37
What causes Ludwig angina?
Pancytopenia
38
95% of cancers in head and neck are what? Remainder are what?
Squamous cell Adenocarcinoma from salivary gland
39
What is the most common primary malignancy of salivary glands? What gene association? Disturbs what pathway?
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma ``` Translocation of (11;19) MECT1 - MAML2 ``` Notch and cAMP
40
Gram (+) rod with clubbed ends spread via respiratory droplets is what?
Corynebacterium diphtheria
41
What is the most common type of odontogenic tumor? Arises from what? Probably are what?
Odontoma Epithelium Hamartomas
42
What neoplasms is almost exclusively limited to the parotid and has a high risk associated with smoking? Benign or malignant? Distribution?
Warthin Tumor (papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum) Benign 10% multifocal, 10% bilateral
43
Thrush can occur in what other settings?
DM Vaginal yeast infection in pregnant women Antibiotics or steroid inhalers
44
What are some immune compromised conditions associated with Candida?
HIV/AIDS Cancer Organ or bone marrow transplant
45
What cause hairy leukoplakia? What kind of cells are seen and in what layer?
EBV Balloon cells in upper spinous layer
46
What cell markers have been ID'ed with measles?
CD46 SLAM nectin 4
47
Irritation fibroma is a result of what? Tx?
Repetitive trauma (biting) Surgical excision
48
What symptoms indicate HSV infection?
Lymphadenopathy Fever Anorexia Irritability
49
What are benign salivary gland tumors?
Pleomorphic adenoma | Warthin tumor
50
Infection of mucor is recognized by what? Activates what?
TLR2 IL-6 and TNF-a
51
Where does amelobastoma arise from? Shows what? What course?
Odontogenic epithelium NO ectomesenchymal differentiation Indolent but locally invasive
52
What causes acute pharyngitis and tonsillitis that may cause coating with gray-white exudative membrane? Also see enlargement of neck LNs What is the etiology?
Infectious mononucleosis EBV
53
What is characterized by enlargement of the gingivae often with accompanying periodontitis?
Monocytic leukemia
54
What mutations are associated with squamous cell cancer? What chromosome?
TP53, NOTCH, p63 17 (for TP53)

GI 2 Midterm (5 decks)

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