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WSET L3 GJR 2020 > Sherry > Flashcards

Sherry Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 towns of the Sherry Triangle?

A

Jerez de la Frontera
Sanlucar de Barrameda
Puerto de Santa Maria

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2
Q

Describe the climate of the Sherry region.

A

Hot, sunny and Mediterranean, slightly cooler by the coast

High rainfall but limited in the growing season

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3
Q

What are the cool, humid and hot, arid winds called?

A 
Poniente = Cool, humid, westerly
Levante = Hot and arid
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4
Q

What is the soil in Sherry region, what is it largely made up of and how do Vine growers use it to best effect?

A

Albariza
Very high Chalk content
Good drainage of Winter rain but retains water at deep levels to sustain vine through hot Summer
Pits dug in Autumn to catch water, smoothed over in Spring
Forms hard crust to seal moisture in and limit evaporation

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5
Q

What grapes are used to make sherry?

A

Palomino - vast majority
Pedro Ximinez
Muscat of Alexandria

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6
Q

How is Palomino processed to make base wine

A

Into winery and pressed ASAP to avoid oxidation

Steel tank ferment, high temp, 20~25c to produce neutral wine

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7
Q

Once Palamino is made into base wine which two directions can it head in?

A

Lighter, more finessed wines - Biological ageing (under Flor)
Darker wines - Oxidative ageing (no Flor)

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8
Q

To what % is base wine fortified?

With what? What strength is it?

A

Biological ageing wines - 15%~15.5%
Oxidative ageing wines - 17%
Fortified with pure grape spirit at 96% abv

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9
Q

Where do wines spend time before introduction into the Solera system?

A

In the Sobretabla for a few months

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10
Q

How are grapes processed for Sweet styles?

A

Sun dried to raisin them
Ferment to a few % abv as yeast struggles with so much sugar
Fortified to 17%

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11
Q

What size are the barrels in the Solera system?
What are they called?
How full are they kept?

A

600 ltr
Butts
5/6th full to allow oxygen

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12
Q

What does flor need to survive?

A

Cool, humid conditions

consumes alcohol and nutrients in the wine

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13
Q

What are the levels of the Solera system called?

A

Criaderas

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14
Q

How is wine removed from the Solera System and how is it topped up?

A

Taken from the bottom level called the Solera
Blended wine from 1st Criadera tops up Solera
Blended wine from 2nd Criadera tops up first
Blended wine from 3rd Criadera tops up 2nd etc etc etc
Wine in Sobretabla used to top up the top level Criadera

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15
Q

What does Acetaldehyde do to sherry?

A

Gives Biological Sherry its unique aromas and flavours of Citrus fruit, almonds, herbs and bready aromas (created by flor)

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16
Q

Which sherries are completely aged Biologically?

Which two sherries start under flor before being transferred to oxidative Solera system?

A

Fino, Manzanilla and Pale Cream - 100% Biological

Amontillado and Palo Cortado starts Biologically then transferred to Oxidative Solera. Also Medium sherry

17
Q

Which sherries are aged Oxidatively?

A

Oloroso, Cream, PX, some Muscats

& Amontillado after a period of time ageing biologically.

18
Q

Why, in particular, does the Oxidative Solera system need to be kept fed with young wine?

A

To avoid over oxidation of wine in the Solera System - replenishing/feeding the flor.

19
Q

Are sherries fined and filtered?

A

Yes, but kept to a minimum to maintain flavour

20
Q

What do you call Fino sherry from Sanlucar?
How does it differ from that of Jerez and why?
How is it labelled if really minimal fining and filtering?

A

Manzanilla de Sanlucar de Barrameda
Cooler coast keeps Flor active all year = more tangy sherry
Minimal fining and filtering = En Rama

21
Q

Which ageing method is used for Oloroso

Give simple tasting notes

A

Oxidative

Brown, full bodied. Toffee, leather, spice and walnut

22
Q

What ageing process is used for Amontillado?

Give simple tasting notes

A

Biological then Oxidative

Amber or brown, lighter than Oloroso. Yeasty plus oxidative aromas

23
Q

Describe Palo Cortado and why is it unusual?

A

Aroma of Amontillado but body of Oloroso
Starts out Biologically but flor dies so starts ageing oxidatively
When cellar master realises, fortified to 17.5% abv then continues being oxidised

24
Q

What is Pale Cream and what is it sweetened with?

A

Sweetened Fino, sweetened with RCGM

25
Q

What is Medium sherry and what is it sweetened with?

Give simple tasting notes

A

Sweetened Amontillado, sweetened with PX

Balances toffee, leather and walnut of dry wine with dried fruit of PX

26
Q

What is Cream sherry and what is it sweetened with?

Give simple tasting notes

A

Sweetened Oloroso, sweetened with PX

Balance of toffee, leather, walnuts of dry wine with dried fruit of PX

27
Q

Which sherries are naturally sweet?

Give simple tasting notes

A

PX - Deep brown and lusciously sweet (upto 500g/L sugar)
Pronounced dried fruit, coffee and liquorice
Muscat - Similar to PX but keeps dried citrus peel character

28
Q

What are the age indications for Sherry?

A

VORS (Very Old Rare Sherry) - 30 year old
VOS (Very Old Sherry) - 20 yo
Each batch tested to ensure it complies

29
Q

Pale Cream Sherry is a sweetened ………………….?
Medium Sherry is a sweetened ……………………?
Cream Sherry is a sweetened ……………………..?

A

Pale Cream is a Fino sweetened with RCGM
Medium Sherry is an Amontillado sweetened with PX
Cream sherry is an Oloroso Sherry sweetened with PX

30
Q

Where do grapes used to make Pedro Ximénez sherry come from?

A

Montilla-Moriles, neighbouring the Jerez region

31
Q

Which grape accounts for the majority of plantings in Jerez, what sort of base wine does it make?

A

Palomino

It produces a wine with natural low acid and very little varietal flavour.

32
Q

Not all sherries qualify for age indicated status, which sherries can qualify?

A

Amontillado, Palo Cortado, Oloroso and PX

i.e. only sherries that have been through the oxidative process

WSET L3 GJR 2020 (31 decks)

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