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HP Exam 4 > Shelter Med > Flashcards

Shelter Med Flashcards

Freeman (shelter med 1 and 2, behavior assessments in shelter med)

1
Q

T/F: As of 2021, the number of pets has increased significantly.

A

true

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2
Q

T/F: feral dog and cat populations are a big issue within the US

A

false – only feral cat populations are.

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3
Q

T/F: the total number of animal intakes has slightly decreased.

A

true

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4
Q

T/F: euthanasia rates are increasing as animal populations rise and the number of pets entering shelters increases.

A

false – evidence shows that numbers of euthanized animals is actually trending downwards

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5
Q

What is the most important aspect of shelter design?

A

stress reduction
(decrease stress –> reduces instance of decreased immunity)

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6
Q

What are SOPs?

A

standard operating procedures
goal is to establish consistency and reduce incidence of disease transmission, provide guidelines for workers in shelter, and can be updated whenever outbreaks occur to make changes.

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7
Q

Differentiate the 4 levels of shelter sanitation

A

physical cleaning = remove gross waste and organic material

sanitation = reduce # of bacterial contaminants

disinfection = kill majority of microbial contaminants

sterilization = kill ALL microbial contaminants

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8
Q

What room pressure is BEST for shelter sanitation – positive or negative?

A

positive – we want all airflow to go out of the facility.

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9
Q

what is the correct order of operations?

A
  1. most suseptible first – young, immunocompromised
  2. healthy adults
  3. sick and/or potentially contagious animals
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10
Q

how can we minimize stress in a shelter setting?

A
  1. avoid overcrowding
  2. good nutrition
  3. proper environmental conditions
  4. minimize noise**
  5. establish routines
  6. avoid overstimulation
  7. provide exercise and behavioral enrichment
  8. turn off lights at night
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11
Q

What is the difference between emotional/mental, physical, and environmental stress within a shelter setting?

A

emotional – strange surroundings, people, animals, routine, diet, noise, odor

physical – malnourished, preg/lactating, injured/sick

environmental – overcrowding, temp, humidity, ventilation, noise

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12
Q

T/F: sick animals should be in a physically separate area/room from healthy animals and should have separate drainage and ventilation.

A

true

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13
Q

T/F: environmental enrichment (toys, windows, other cats, levels, etc.) is arguably more important for cats than for dogs in a shelter setting.

A

true

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14
Q

T/F: shelter medicine falls under population health

A

true

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15
Q

what are the goals of shelter medicine?

A
  1. maintain healthy population
  2. minimize time in shelter
  3. maximize successful adoptions and return-to-owners with good education program
  4. minimize disease outbreaks and euthanasias
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16
Q

T/F: during intake, you should always treat all animals for all parasites.

A

false – only treat what you find based on fecal analysis.

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17
Q

what is the most common infectious syndrome in shelter animals?

A

feline upper respiratory diseases
caused by bordetella bronchiseptica, feline calicivirus, feline herpesvirus, chlamydophila felis, and/or mycoplasma spp.

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18
Q

what is the most common canine disease in shelter settings?

A

canine kennel cough complex
caused by bordetella bronchiseptica, mycoplasma spp., canine adenovirus-2, canine parainfluenza virus, canine herpesvirus, and/or canine distempter virus

19
Q

What canine disease is very serious in shelters because it is highly contagious, easily transmissible, and has high morbidity and mortality in shelter settings.

A

canine influenza virus

luckily we can vaccinate all dogs 6 weeks or older to reduce chances.

20
Q

T/F: overcrowding and high turnover rates greatly increase susceptibility to all infectious diseases in a shelter setting

A

true

21
Q

what is the #1 goal for animal disposition?

A

reunite with owner or get them adopted

22
Q

what could be a negative impact of no-kill shelters?

A

force the public the realize the issue of pet overpopulation and disposition and alter their perspective on the goal of shelters.

23
Q

what are the factors that shelter staff and veterinarians need to be involved in to control disease transmission in shelter settings?

A
  1. know the means of transmission
  2. know which pathogens are resistant to disinfection and choose appropriate products
  3. know incubation periods, carrier states, and viral shedding potential
  4. know cross-species infectivity
  5. know and abide by mandatory holding periods
  6. reduce overcrowding
  7. STRESS MANAGEMENT***
24
Q

What is one of the most important aspects of behavior in shelter settings?

A

behavior assessment

25
Q

T/F: behavior assessments should be conducted by only a few individuals

A

true – for consistency purposes

26
Q

What types of variables play a role in a behavior assessment?

A
  1. assessor
  2. facility or conditions
  3. history (surrender vs stray)
  4. age and repro status
27
Q

T/F: when a stray dog is taken into a shelter, you should perform the behavior assessment that day in order to determine whether or not its good with other dogs and adoptable.

A

false – they should never be done on the day the animal enters the shelter due to high stress resulting in inaccurate evaluations.

28
Q

T/F: if a dog is displaying aggression towards cats during the initial portion of the behavior assessment, you should place the two animals in a different environment to see if the behavior changes.

A

false – you should not push the animal to the point of a negative response or reaction

29
Q

What is the most essential skill that a behavior assessor has while doing an assessment?

A

the ability to accurately interpret body language

30
Q

If an animal displays abnormal or unacceptable behaviors, the next step is to deem them as “unfit” for adoption.

A

false – the next step is to do a full veterinary assessment on them to determine if the behavior is associated with a health/medical issue.

31
Q

What type of reinforcement should be used during behavior assessments?

A

positive

unless it demonstrates aggression, then negative reinforcement or correction is preferable to euthanasia.

32
Q

T/F: many animals develop unwanted behaviors during a longer shelter stay.

A

true

33
Q

What types of behaviors are the difficult to address due to often requiring intense behavior modification +/- pharmacotherapy?

A
  1. obsessive behaviors – circling, pacing, bouncing on walls/doors, self-directed behaviors (licking, biting).
  2. separation anxiety
  3. barrier related barking/anxiety and aggression/anxiety
  4. house training regression
  5. social hyperarousel
34
Q

what are ways to address separation anxiety?

A
  1. environmental enrichment
  2. effective intervention (drugs, systematic desensitization)
  3. adoption counseling
  4. dog behavior education
35
Q

how can we address barrier-related barking and aggression?

A
  1. prevent visual access to walkways/other kennels
  2. counterconditioning
36
Q

how do we address house training regression?

A
  1. in-shelter crate training
  2. house training in shelters
  3. post-adoption support
37
Q

how can we address social hyperarousel?

A
  1. group housing or regular play groups
  2. in-kennel visits
  3. regular training
38
Q

what is the MOST common shelter-specific behavior in cats?

A

aggression

39
Q

what is the cause of fear aggression in cats?

A

results from perception that the human is a threat.

40
Q

what is petting-induced aggression?

A

results from overstimulation

41
Q

what is redirected aggression in cats?

A

cat perceives a threat (smell of other cat, dog bark, etc.) and reacts with a fight or flight response by exhibiting aggression to the closest object (the human)

42
Q

how do we address feline aggression in shelters?

A
  1. identify and avoid triggers
  2. behavior modification (reward acceptable behaviors)
  3. drugs and pheromones
43
Q

what is a cats body language when they are irritated or overstimulated?

A

pupils dilated, tail twitching or moving, ears turning

HP Exam 4 (5 decks)

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