SHELTER Flashcards
Shelter in swamp environment
Remember - wherever it is dry, millions of insects reside. Sleep suspended above to avoid them
- Identify grouping of three trees, at least two of which are more then body length apart
- Collect three straight brankches, lash a triangular frame from tree to tree, at least 3 feet off the ground
- Lash and weave vines and large leafy branches from frame to frame to create a sturdy platform
Build a cool desert shelter
Drip line to keep water from following tent line into tent
Line be should be 4-5 inches long and tied 1 inch up guy line from tent
Log + layered bark shelter
Large Tree log + lean to shelter
Tarp corner attachment with rock
Bent tree tarp shelter
Weaving with a paling hitch
Reflector to retain the heat
90 degree reflector to protect fire against the wind
Lean to with a heat reflector
Note wind direction, place structures so that there is a cross wind to blow smoke away
Lean-to between trees
Bent sapling structure
Bend and lash tops together to create a dome.
Thatched shelter
Long grass is preferred as thatch material
Bamboo hammock
Cave shelter with snow blocks
Snow blocks trench shelter
Snow block lean-to tarp shelter
Hot stone tongs
Tent booty hole
Dig a hollow before pitch tent. Couple of inches is plenty. When you sleep your hips will sit in hollow and relieve the painful small of the back pressure points that occur from lying perfectly flat
Hot rock bed
- be certain collect rocks from high and dry location. Waterlogged rocks explode when heated
- Dig a shallow trench, wider and taller then you are. Loose dirt all to side of trench farthest from the fire (creates wind break and heat reflector)
- Heat rocks on edge of your fire.
- place rocks into base of trench, cover with 3-4 inches of soil, let all the moisture steam out of the dirt for about 15 minutes
- Fill last few inches with leaves/dry vegetation to help insulate.
- Regular sleep gear over top.
4 ways to sleep warmer
- Sleep with a hot rock wrapped in cloth or other insulating material
- Eat something with high calories just before bed and again if you wake up cold
- Fill water bottle with HOT water, put inside sock, and have in sleeping bag.
- Change into clean, dry clothes before you go to bed. Clean insulates better then dirty or sweaty clothes.
Pallet A-frame
Gets you off the ground
Insulate spaces of bottom pallet, then lean pallets over, fill the spaces with insulating material, the cover with tarps
Framework connectors
Cut top and bottom off a bottle approx same diam as two libs you plan to join
Taper ends of both limps, slide bottle middle up one limb, put the limb ends together, then slide the bottle portion over the connection
Heat over coals, plastic will shrink wrap together
Tree felling cut goals
Open A-frame with a fire
Lifted tripod bed with A-frame shelter
Best camping site location when in the mountains
Part way up the side of the mountain, on the sunny side (northern hemisphere is south side).
To high = high wind and lightening
To low = flash floods and colder morning temps (cool air drops during night).
Sasquatch bed
Drive stakes in around initial logs to keep them from shifting, two per corner
Debris hut shelter
Insulate exterior with at least 3 feet thick of dry vegetation
Cover with slabs of bark if you can
Finish covering with more brush so leaves don’t fly away in wind
Fill interior with as much leaves as can and leave pile near entrance to pull in and seal door when you go to sleep
Effect of body heat in well insulated space
Body heat alone can raise temp 10-20 degrees in a small insulated space.
Tree lean-to with y-beam supports
Wickiup construction and use
Generally used in hot dry climates to provide ventilated shade area.
Sime A-frame tarp shelter between two trees
Hammock + A-frame cover
How to minimize insects/reptiles in hammock
- Keep it covered with an A-frame tarp. Many things drop out of the branches, purposefully.
- Minimize number of guylines (aka insect highways)
Two tarp heat shelter
Can use two tarps or one single large tarp that you fold in half
20 degrees cooler then in sun
Tree well shelter
Dig down to bare ground if you can and use snow to plug gaps around rim of well so solid with lowest tree boughs.
No fire b/c would melt insulating snow in boughs. Instead pack space with as much insulating material as you can to hold body heat
Can heat rocks in a fire a little distance from tree, then use them to warm your insulated space when go to bed.
Passively heating a room during power outage
- Pick one room to heat - Southern room or room with lots of south facing windows.
- Lay out as may dark colored blankets, rugs, etc, which will be absorbing sunlight energy.
- Insulate room windows and doors once sun down to retain heat you have acquired during the day.
Cold weather clothes layering technique
- inner layer - wicking material to pull moisture off skin. Never cotton, holds moisture on skin.
- Middle layer - Synthetic (fleece) or wool insulating layer that has lots of air space in fabric. hoody configuration if possible
- Outer layer - Gortex or non permeable layer to keep wind and water out.
- Neck protector - Shemaugh or scarf
- Head and hands cover
warm weather clothing method
- Synthetic, cotton or linen pants and long sleeved shirt (want to keep arms covered)
- Fabrics - thin, loose fitting, light color.
- Wide brim hat and light work gloves
How can you use blankets to maximize a rooms heat retention
- Hang over windows - greatest heat loss
- Hang over door spaces that don’t have door
- Line walls, floors and even ceiling to add insulation.
- Hand straight down from ceiling to cut rooms into smaller spaces and therefore maximize effect of retained heat and body heat in a smaller space.
Temperature hazards of car camping and how to solve
Cars have NO insulation, so inside temp is very close to outside temp
Cold- Must have insulation between you and car metal surfaces. Insulate as many window surfaces as you can
Hot - Relax in the shade beneath car rather then hot-boxing to death inside.
Sheet bend tarp corner / hammock attachment.
Rig a hammock
One of the most ideal survival beds you can make.
- Start on one of long sides of tarp and roll it half way across entire tarp
- Roll the other long side over to mee the first side in the middle.
- Grab one end and bend into a “J” shape, tie to rope with Sheet Bend knot.
- Repeat on other end
- Find two trees at least as thick as your leg, and about 9-12 feet apart from eachother
- Tie each end of rope up as HIGH as you can, leaving slight curve in tarp when finished.
- Open up tarp and put progressively more weight until knots tighten and settle
Construct a grass sleeping mat
- Harvest several armloads of dead dry grass, the longer the better
- Grab some cord
- Tie grass bundles - 2” diam. and length wider then your body
- Tie second bundle to first. Continue tying new bundles on until have mat that extends the distance as your height.
Construct a log wall
Defensive structures, fire reflectors, shelters, etc
- Drive four stakes into the ground in a rectangular pattern. Stakes should be a foot or more longer then the height you want the wall to be.
- Stack two poles horizontally on the inside of the stakes and fill in the space between them with dirt/clay. Tamp down earth heavily.
- Keep adding 2 poles, dirt, tamp.
- Once you reach top, lash tops of stakes togehter.
Construct a sapling WigWam
- Cut a dozen tall flexible sapling poles and mark out a circle on the ground.
- Use a mallet and stake to drive a hole in the dirt around the circle for each pole
- Insert the poles into their new holes and bend the poles together.
- Lash all the poles to create a cage in shape of domed building.
- Can place a second layer of poles around a circle 12 inches further out, bend and tie together in same manner. Now have space to insulate.
- Cover outer poles with weather proofing material. Thatch, bark, tarp, etc.
