Shells and orbitals

Question 1

What is the formula number of electrons per shell?

Answer 1

2n^2 (where n = shell number)

Question 2

Which shell has the lowest energy?

Answer 2

The shell closest to nucleus

Question 3

The lower the energy level the more …

Answer 3

Stable

Question 4

What is the energy level called?

Answer 4

Principal quantum number (n)

Question 5

Shell =

Answer 5

Energy level = principal quantum number

Question 6

What are shells divided into?

Answer 6

Sub-shell which is divided into orbitals

Question 7

What is an atomic orbital?

Answer 7

It is a region in space where the probability of finding an electrons is high

Question 8

How many electrons can each atomic orbital hold

Answer 8

2

Question 9

What are the orbitals called?

Answer 9

s
p
d
f

Question 10

Where is orbital s found on the periodic table?

Answer 10

On the left + helium

Question 11

Where is orbital d found on the periodic table?

Answer 11

The middle bocks (transition metals)

Question 12

Where is orbital p found on the periodic table?

Answer 12

On the right

Question 13

Where is orbital f found on the periodic table?

Answer 13

The bottom block which is not attached to the rest

Question 14

Give information on the S-orbital

Answer 14

Sphere
Shell one contains 1s orbital (which has 2 electrons)
The s-orbital on shell 2 will be longer in radius and increase with each shell added

Question 15

Give information on the p-orbital

Answer 15

Tere are 3 p-orbitals in a shell
This means it can hold a maximum of 6 electrons
The orbitals are known as px, py, pz

Question 16

Give information on the d-orbital

Answer 16

Each shell contains 5 d-orbitals

This means the orbital can hold a maximum of 10 electrons

Question 17

Give information on the f-orbital

Answer 17

Each shell contains 7 f-orbitals

Question 18

What orbitals are found in shell 1?

Answer 18

s

Question 19

What orbitals are found in shell 2?

Answer 19

s, p

Question 20

What orbitals are found in shell 4?

Answer 20

s, p, d, f

Question 21

What orbitals are found in shell 3?

Answer 21

s, p, d

Question 22

What is the anomaly in the increase in energy in the shells?

Answer 22

The 4s subshell is lower in energy than the 3d subshell so we fill it first

Question 23

What are the shorthands for writing the electronic arrangement of an atom?

Answer 23

2H - 1s^2 - (He) 2e-

10Ne - 1s^2, 2s^2, 2p^6 - (Ne) 10e-

18Ar - 1s^2, 2s^2, 2p^6 , 3s^2, 3p^6 - (Ar) 18e-

Question 24

What is the anomalous for the electronic configuration of ions (taking away electrons)?

Answer 24

4s is lower in energy than 3d, but when 3d is filled it becomes lower in energy. So when electrons are lost, they come from 4s first