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Animals in Society > Sheep Industry > Flashcards

Sheep Industry Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a breeding ram called

A

Tup

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2
Q

what is a gimmer

A

female from her 1st shearing to lambing

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3
Q

what is a lamb after 1st shearing

A

shearling

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4
Q

define ewe

A

breeding female with multiple lambs over multiple years

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5
Q

what is a finished lamb

A

lamb ready for slaughter

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6
Q

what is a lamb destined for meat

A

hogget

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7
Q

what is a draft ewe

A

an older breeding ewe

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8
Q

what is a vasectomised ram?

A

teaser

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9
Q

where are hill sheep found

A

well mountains and scottish highlands

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10
Q

where are upland sheep found?

A

lake district

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11
Q

where are lowland sheep found?

A

central to east england

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12
Q

what are some traits and breeds of hill sheep

A

thick coats for harsh conditions,
1 lamb a year

scottish blackface
welsh mountain
cheviot
swaledale

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13
Q

what are some traits and breeds of upland sheep

A

2 lambs a year

bluefaced Leicester
Wensleydale
border Leicester

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14
Q

what are some traits and breeds of lowland sheep

A

fast growers

charollais
hampshire
texel
suffolk

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15
Q

describe the stratified sheep system

A

sheep from different regions are crossbred

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16
Q

how old is a lamb when slaughtered

A

6 to 8 months

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17
Q

what is a sheep’s gestation length

A

147 days

18
Q

what does seasonally polyoestrus mean

A

can have multiple oestrus cycles within a season due to the amount of daylight

19
Q

when are pre breeding checks for ewes, vaccines given and flushing

A

October

20
Q

what is ewe flushing

A

increasing nutrients in preperation for tupping for better fertility

21
Q

when is tupping?

A

November

22
Q

when is lambing?

A

April

23
Q

when are male lambs castrated

A

April

24
Q

when is the pregnancy scanned and therefore barren ewes are sold

A

January

25
Q

what occurs in february/ march?

A

pre lambing vaccines for more antibodies in the milk/ colostrum

26
Q

when are lambs 1st vaccinated

A

May

27
Q

when are 2nd lamb vaccines

A

June

28
Q

Name some signs of lambing

A

ewe isolation
stargazing
water bag showing

29
Q

what should the diet of a growing foetus be?

A

less dry matter forage - so more silage
slow increase of concentrate for gradual microbe accomidation

30
Q

what are the different minerals required in a sheep diet

A

colbolt
copper
calcium
magnesium

31
Q

what produces colbolt, when is it needed?

A

rumen microbes produce B12 which contains cobolt
12 week lamb

32
Q

what is the max amount of copper that can be injested due to its toxicity

A

25ppm

33
Q

what does a copper deficiency lead to?

A

swayback - curve in ewes spine
leads to paralysed lambs

34
Q

Describe twin lamb disease

A

hypocalcaemia leads to skinny lambs with not enough nutrients - mainly stillborn

35
Q

Why is Mg needed daily

A

there is no way to store Mg in the body

36
Q

how much colostrum should a newborn have

A

24L/kg (in the 1st 24h)

37
Q

how can you avoid hypothermia in lambs once brown adipose tissue has run out

A

heat boxes
glucose injections
colostrum (potentially through a feeding tube)

38
Q

why do you tail dock?

A

easier for shearing and carcase processing
reduce fly strike

39
Q

how old is a lamb when their tail is docked

A

under 7 days, over 24 h

40
Q

how may you castrate a sheep?

A

rubber ring under 7 days
burdizzo clamp to crush blood vessels
surgically by a vet (after 3 months)

41
Q

what is Entropion and how is it treated?

A

turned in eyelids leading to ulsers
either unroll when young
or inject penecilin or anaethetic or liquid paraffin (heavy substances) into eyelid to keep open and treat infection

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