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COMPARATIVE ANATOMY MIDTERMS > SHARK: AXIAL SKELETON: SKULL CHONDROCRANIUM > Flashcards

SHARK: AXIAL SKELETON: SKULL CHONDROCRANIUM Flashcards

1
Q

part of the skull consists of a single irregularly shaped cartilaginous mass, which encloses the brain

A

NEUROCRANIUM

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2
Q

scoop-like anterior projection of the chondrocranium enclosing the precerebral cavity, and is filled with gelatinous material

A

ROSTRUM

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3
Q

the rostrum encloses the

A

precerebral cavity

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4
Q

two large apertures at the base of the rostrum

A

rostral fenestrae

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5
Q

rounded swellings located on either side of the base of the rostrum; thin walls are readily damaged during preparations and thus may be found to be incomplete

A

OLFACTORY CAPSULES

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6
Q

Located on both sides of the neurocranium

A

ORBITS

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7
Q

the anterior limit of the orbit is demarcated by

A

antorbital process

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8
Q

the antorbital process continues backward as the

A

supraorbital crest

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9
Q

the supraorbital crest continues backward as the

A

supraorbital crest

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10
Q

the supraorbital crest terminates as the

A

postorbital process

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11
Q

irregularly shaped masses, protecting the ear that are fused posteriorly to the neurocranium

A

otic capsule

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12
Q

otic capsule is bounded dorsolaterally by ______________, which is a backward continuation of the postorbital process

A

supraotic crest

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13
Q

located in the median line, just behind the precerebral cavity; It is where the stalk-like epiphysis (pineal organ) passes through

A

EPIPHYSEAL FORAMEN

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14
Q

A large deep depression located in the median in region of the otic capsules; it conatins a pair of small anterior ___________ and a pair of larger

A

ENDOLYMPHATIC FORAMINA
POSTERIOR PERILYMPHATIC FORAMINA

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15
Q

Keel-shaped structure located on the midventral surface of the rostrum

A

ROSTRAL CARINA

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16
Q

Ridge that demarcates the anterior boundary of the orbit

A

ANTORBITAL SHELF

17
Q

Portion of the floor of the chondrocranium shelf, and extends back as median ridge from the antorbital shelves

A

INFRAORBITAL SHELF

18
Q

Expanded posterior part of the neurocranium extending back from the infraorbital shelf

A

BASAL PLATE

19
Q

located in the median line at the junction of the infraorbital shelf and basal plate

A

CAROTID FORAMEN

20
Q

ring-shaped process located at each posterolateral corner of the ventral surface of the chondrocranium

A

POSTOTIC PROCESS

21
Q

Openings of the postotic process

A

POSTOTIC FENESTRAE

22
Q

definite structure on the lateral side of the chondrocranium

A

OPTIC PEDICEL

23
Q

a large opening, located antero-ventrally in the orbit, that provides passage for the optic nerve (N.II)

A

OPTIC FORAMEN

24
Q

located just above the root of the optic pedicel; it is the opening through which the oculomotor nerve (N. III) gains entrance into the orbit

A

OCULOMOTOR FORAMEN

25
Q

A small anterodorsally located opening that lies a short distance above the optic foramen. The trochlear nerve (N. IV) emerges into the orbit through it.

A

TROCHLEAR FORAMEN

26
Q

A series of small openings located parallel to and a little below the supraorbital crest. Can be seen on the dorsal side of the chondrocranium. Through them passes the trigeminal (N.V) and facial nerves (N. VII)

A

SUPERFICIAL OPTHALMIC FORAMINA

27
Q

located just in front of the most anterior superficial ophthalmic foramina; a branch of trigeminal nerve passes into the orbit through this foramen

A

DEEP OPTHALMIC FORAMINA

28
Q

A large foramen located at the posterior border of the orbit behind the optic pedicel. It is where the main branches of the trigeminal and facial nerves pass through. ALSO KNOWN AS THE ORBITAL TISSUE

A

TRIGEMINOFACIAL FORAMEN

29
Q

Located in the otic capsule slightly behind the trigeminofacial foramen. It is where the hyomandibular nerve pass through

A

HYOMANDIBULAR FORAMEN

30
Q

large median opening through which the spinal cord passes

A

FORAMEN MAGNUM

31
Q

Processes located ventro-laterally on either side of the foramen magnum that articulate with the first trunk vertebra

A

OCCIPITAL CONDYLES

32
Q

A pair of openings located laterally on each side of the occipital condyles. The vagus (N. X) nerve passes through each

A

VAGUS FORAMINA

33
Q

located near the posterolateral corners of the chondrocranium. The glossopharyngeal nerve (N. IX) pass through them.

A

GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL FORAMINA

COMPARATIVE ANATOMY MIDTERMS (6 decks)

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