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Machine Design > Shafts, Keyway and Coupling > Flashcards

Shafts, Keyway and Coupling Flashcards

1
Q

A rotating member usually of circular cross-section(solid or hollow) which transmits power and rotational motion

A

SHAFT

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2
Q

Machine elements such as gears, pulleys(sheaves), flywheels, clutches, and sproket are mounted on ___ which used to transmit power from the driving device (motor or engine) through a machine

A

SHAFT

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3
Q

Machine elements such as … are mounted on the shaft and are used to transmit power from the driving device (motor or engine) through a machine.

A

gears, pulleys (sheaves), flywheels, clutches, and sprockets

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4
Q

Driving Device

A

Motor or Engine

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5
Q

used to attach these machine elements on the shaft.

A

Press fit, keys, dowel, pins and splines

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6
Q

(_), keys, dowel, pins and splines

A

Press fit

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7
Q

(_), Press fit, dowel, pins and splines

A

keys

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8
Q

Press fit, keys, —–, pins and splines

A

dowel

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9
Q

Press fit, keys, dowel _____

A

pins and splines

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10
Q

rotates on rolling contact bearings or bush bearings

A

SHAFT

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11
Q

The shaft rotates on

(attached and hold by)

A

rolling contact bearings or bush bearings

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12
Q

The shaft rotates on rolling contact bearings or …

A

bush bearings

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13
Q

The shaft rotates on … or bush bearings

A

rolling contact bearings

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14
Q

Various types of retaining rings, thrust bearings, grooves and steps in the shaft are used to take up ______ and locate the rotating elements.

A

Axial Loads

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15
Q

used to take up Axial Loads and locate the rotating elements.

A

retaining rings, thrust bearings, grooves and steps

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16
Q

Various types of _______, thrust bearings, grooves and steps in the shaft are used to take up ______ and locate the rotating elements.

A

retaining rings, axial load

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17
Q

Various types of retaining rings, thrust bearings, grooves and steps in the shaft are used to take up ….

A

axial loads and locate the rotating elements.

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18
Q

Various types of ______, thrust bearings, grooves and steps in the shaft are used to take up axial loads and locate the rotating elements.

A

retaining rings

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19
Q

Various types of retaining rings, _________, __________ and steps in the shaft are used to take up axial loads and locate the rotating elements.

A

thrust bearings, grooves

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20
Q

Various types of retaining rings, thrust bearings, grooves and __________ are used to take up axial loads and locate the rotating elements.

A

steps in the shaft

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21
Q

… are used to transmit power from the drive shaft (e.g., motor) to the driven shaft (e.g. gearbox, wheels).

A

Couplings

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22
Q

Couplings are used to … from the drive shaft (e.g., motor) to the driven shaft (e.g. gearbox, wheels).

A

transmit power

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23
Q

drive shaft

A

Motor

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24
Q

driven shaft

A

gearbox, wheels

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25
Q

gearbox, wheels

A

driven shaft

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26
Q

Motor

A

drive shaft

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27
Q

AXLE

A

used for shafts that support rotating elements like wheel, hoisting drum or rope sheave and which is fitted to the housing by means of bearing. It is subjected to bending moment due to transverse loads like bearing reactions and does not transmit any useful torque.

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28
Q

used for shafts that support rotating elements like wheel, hoisting drum or rope sheave and which is fitted to the housing by means of bearing. It is subjected to bending moment due to transverse loads like bearing reactions and does not transmit any useful torque.

A

AXLE

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29
Q

used for shafts that support rotating elements like wheel, hoisting drum or rope sheave and which is fitted to the housing by means of bearing.

A

AXLE

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30
Q

It is subjected to bending moment due to transverse loads like bearing reactions and does not transmit any useful torque.

A

AXLE

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31
Q

Axle (it) is subjected to … due to transverse loads like bearing reactions and does not transmit any useful torque.

A

bending moment

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32
Q

Axle (it) is subjected to bending moment due to … like bearing reactions and does not transmit any useful torque.

A

transverse loads

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33
Q

Axle (it) is subjected to bending moment due to transverse loads like … and does not transmit any useful torque.

A

bearing reactions

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34
Q

Axle (It) is subjected to bending moment due to transverse loads like bearing reactions and …

A

does not transmit any useful torque.

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35
Q

Axle (it) is subjected to bending moment due to transverse loads like … and does not transmit any …

A

bearing reactions, useful torque

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36
Q

a short rotating shaft.

A

SPINDLE

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37
Q

It originated from the round tapering stick on the spinning wheel on which the thread is twisted.

A

SPINDLE

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38
Q

are used in all machine tools such as a small drive shaft of lathe or the … of a drilling machine.

A

SPINDLE

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39
Q

SPINDLE

A

a short rotating shaft. It originated from the round tapering stick on the spinning wheel on which the thread is twisted. Spindles are used in all machine tools such as a small drive shaft of lathe or the spindle of a drilling machine.

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40
Q

(AXLE is) used for shafts that support rotating elements like … and which is fitted to the housing by means of bearing.

A

wheel, hoisting drum or rope sheave

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41
Q

(AXLE is) used for shafts that support rotating elements like …, hoisting drum or rope sheave and which is fitted to the housing by means of bearing.

A

wheel

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42
Q

(AXLE is) used for shafts that support rotating elements like wheel, … or rope sheave and which is fitted to the housing by means of bearing.

A

hoisting drum

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43
Q

(AXLE is) used for shafts that support rotating elements like wheel, hoisting drum or … and which is fitted to the housing by means of bearing.

A

rope sheave

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44
Q

(AXLE is) used for shafts that support rotating elements like wheel, hoisting drum or rope sheave and which is fitted …

A

to the housing by means of bearing.

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45
Q

Rotating elements that is used to support by axle

A

wheel, hoisting drum or rope sheave

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46
Q

AXLE, SPINDLE, COUNTERSHAFT, JACKSHAFT, LINE SHAFT

A

Categories of shafts

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47
Q

SPINDLE, COUNTERSHAFT, JACKSHAFT, LINE SHAFT

A

AXLE

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48
Q

AXLE, SPINDLE, COUNTERSHAFT, LINE SHAFT

A

JACKSHAFT

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49
Q

AXLE, SPINDLE, JACKSHAFT, LINE SHAFT

A

COUNTERSHAFT

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50
Q

AXLE, SPINDLE, COUNTERSHAFT, JACKSHAFT

A

LINE SHAFT

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51
Q

SPINDLE, JACKSHAFT

A

COUNTERSHAFT,LINE SHAFT,AXLE

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52
Q

Categories of shafts

A

AXLE, SPINDLE, COUNTERSHAFT, JACKSHAFT, LINE SHAFT

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53
Q

it is a secondary shaft, which is driven by the main shaft and from the power is supplied to a machine component. It is driven by the main shaft by means of a pair of spur or helical gears and the route counter to the direction of the main shaft. It is used for multistage gearboxes

A

COUNTERSHAFT

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54
Q

COUNTERSHAFT

A

it is a secondary shaft, which is driven by the main shaft and from the power is supplied to a machine component. It is driven by the main shaft by means of a pair of spur or helical gears and the route counter to the direction of the main shaft. It is used for multistage gearboxes

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55
Q

it is a secondary shaft, which is driven by the main shaft and from the power is supplied to a machine component.

A

COUNTERSHAFT

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56
Q

It is driven by the main shaft by means of a pair of spur or helical gears and the route counter to the direction of the main shaft.

A

COUNTERSHAFT

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57
Q

(SHAFT) It is used for multistage gearboxes

A

COUNTERSHAFT

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58
Q

it is a secondary shaft

A

COUNTERSHAFT

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59
Q

driven by the main shaft

A

COUNTERSHAFT

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60
Q

it transmit power that is supplied to a machine component.

A

COUNTERSHAFT

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61
Q

(countershaft) it is a secondary shaft … and from the power is supplied to a machine component.

A

driven by the main shaft

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62
Q

… (SHAFT), which is driven by the main shaft and from the power is supplied to a machine component.

A

countershaft, secondary shaft

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63
Q

it is a secondary shaft, which is driven by the main shaft and from the power is supplied to a …

A

machine component.

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64
Q

It is driven by the main shaft by means of a pair of spur or helical gears and the route counter to the direction of the main shaft.

A

Counter shaft

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65
Q

(COUNTERSHAFT) it is used for …

A

multistage gearboxes

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66
Q

(COUNTERSHAFT) it is used for multistage …

A

gearboxes

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67
Q

(COUNTERSHAFT) it is used for … gearboxes

A

multistage

68
Q

It is driven by the main shaft by means of a pair of … and the route counter to the direction of the main shaft.

A

spur or helical gears

69
Q

(countershaft) It is driven by the main shaft by means of a pair of …

A

spur or helical gears

70
Q

(countershaft) It is driven by the main shaft by means of a pair of spur or …

A

helical gears

71
Q

(countershaft) It is driven by the main shaft by means of a pair of helical gears or …

A

spur

72
Q

spur or helical gears

A

drives the countershaft as driven by main shaft

73
Q

JACKSHAFT

A

it is an auxiliary or intermediate shaft between two shafts that are used in transmission of power. Its function is the same as the countershaft.

74
Q

it is an auxiliary or intermediate shaft between two shafts that are used in transmission of power. Its function is the same as the countershaft.

A

JACKSHAFT

75
Q

it is an auxiliary or intermediate shaft between two shafts that are used in transmission of power

A

JACKSHAFT

76
Q

Its function is the same as the countershaft.

A

JACKSHAFT

77
Q

auxillary or intermidiate shaft

A

JACKSHAFT

78
Q

JACKSHAFT

A

an auxillary or intermidiate shaft

79
Q

JACKSHAFT

A

Its function is the same as the countershaft.

80
Q

JACKSHAFT

A

it is an auxiliary or intermediate shaft between two shafts that are used in transmission of power

81
Q

LINE SHAFT

A

… consists of a number of shafts which are connected in axial direction by means of coupling. Line shafts were popular in workshops using group drive. In a group-drive construction, a single electric motor drives the line shaft. Numbers of pulleys are mounted on the line-shaft and power is transmitted to different machines by different belts. Therefore, it is possible to drive a number of machines simultaneously by using a single electric motor. However, in recent lines, individual drive replaced group drive, making line shafts obsolete.

82
Q

consists of a number of shafts which are connected in axial direction by means of coupling. (shaft) were popular in workshops using group drive. In a group-drive construction, a single electric motor drives the (shaft.) Numbers of pulleys are mounted on the (shaft) and power is transmitted to different machines by different belts. Therefore, it is possible to drive a number of machines simultaneously by using a single electric motor. However, in recent lines, individual drive replaced group drive, making (shafts) obsolete.

A

Line Shaft

83
Q

consists of a number of shafts which are connected in axial direction by means of coupling.

A

Lineshaft

84
Q

(shaft) were popular in workshops using group drive. In a group-drive construction, a single electric motor drives the …

A

Line shaft

85
Q

In a group-drive construction, a single electric motor drives the (shaft.) Numbers of pulleys are mounted on the (shaft) and power is transmitted to different machines by different belts.

A

Line shaft

86
Q

because of this shaft it is possible to drive a number of machines simultaneously by using a single electric motor. However, in recent lines, individual drive replaced group drive, making (shafts) obsolete.

A

Lineshaft

87
Q

However, in recent lines, individual drive replaced group drive, making (shafts) obsolete.

A

Lineshaft

88
Q

replaced group drive

A

individual drive

89
Q

Line shaft is obsolete as

A

individual drive replaced group drive

90
Q

a single electric motor drives the (shaft.) Numbers of pulleys are mounted on the (shaft) and power is transmitted to different machines by different belts.

A

Group drive

91
Q

Properties of Material Used for Shafts

A

High Strength, Good Machinability, Low notch sensitivity factor, good heat treatment properties, high wear resistant properties,

92
Q

…, Good Machinability, Low notch sensitivity factor, good heat treatment properties, high wear resistant properties,

A

High Strength

93
Q

High Strength, Low notch sensitivity factor, good heat treatment properties, high wear resistant properties,

A

Good Machinability

94
Q

High Strength, Good Machinability, … , good heat treatment properties, high wear resistant properties,

A

Low notch sensitivity factor

95
Q

High Strength, Good Machinability, Low notch sensitivity factor, … , high wear resistant properties,

A

good heat treatment properties

96
Q

High Strength, Good Machinability, Low notch sensitivity factor, good heat treatment properties …

A

high wear resistant properties

97
Q

High Strength, Good Machinability, good heat treatment properties,

A

Low notch sensitivity factor,high wear resistant properties

98
Q

High Strength, Good Machinability, Low notch sensitivity factor

A

good heat treatment properties, high wear resistant properties

99
Q

High Strength, Good Machinability,high wear resistant properties

A

Low notch sensitivity factor, good heat treatment properties,

100
Q

High Strength, good heat treatment properties, high wear resistant properties,

A

Good Machinability, Low notch sensitivity factor

101
Q

Standard sizes of shaft

A

25 mm to 60 mm with 5 mm step

60 mm to 110 mm with 10 mm steps

110 mm to 140 mm with 15 mm steps

140 mm to 500 mm with 20 mm steps.

102
Q

Standard length of Shaft

A

5 m, 6 m and 8 m.

103
Q

Stresses in Shafts

A

Shear stresses (torsional load)
Bending Stresses (tensile and compressive)
Combination of shear and bending

104
Q

Manufacturing of Shafts

A

Shafts are generally manufactured by hot rolling and finished to size by cold drawing or turning and grinding. The cold rolled shafts are stronger than hot rolled shafts but with higher residual stresses. The residual stresses may cause distortion of the shaft when it is machined, especially when slots or keyways are cut. Shafts of larger diameter are usually forged and turned to size in a lathe.

105
Q

stronger but with higher residual stresses.

A

cold rolled shafts compared to hot rolled shafts

106
Q

in manufacturing shafts, The residual stresses may cause …

A

distortions in the shaft when machined, especially when slots or keyways are cut

107
Q

what special cases that risidual stress can cause distortions to shaft while being machined?

A

adding slots or keyway

108
Q

Shafts of larger diameter can manufactured through?

A

forging and turned to size in a lathe.

109
Q

2 ways to finish manufacturing shafts

A

cold drawing or turning and grinding

110
Q

General manufacturing process of shaft prior to finish

A

hot rolling

111
Q

Types of shafts

A

Transmission shafts and Machine shafts

112
Q

Transmission shafts and Machine shafts

A

Types of shafts

113
Q

These shafts transmit power between the source and the machines absorbing power.

A

Transmission shafts

114
Q

The counter shafts, line shafts, overhead shafts and all factory shafts are all ??

A

Transmission shafts

115
Q

transmission shafts are subjected to what stresses?

A

bending in addition to twisting.

116
Q

what does the transmission shaft carry and mounted with?

A

gear, pulley(sheaves), flywheel, clutches or sprocket

117
Q

These shafts form an integral part of the machine itself.

A

Machine Shaft

118
Q

Crankshaft is an example of

A

Machine Shaft

119
Q

Design of Shafts

A

Basis
Strength, Rigidity and stiffness

Shaft subject to :

-twisting and torque only
-bending moment only
-combined twisting and bending moments
-axial load in adition to combined torsional and bending load

120
Q

(what shafts?), the combined shock and fatigue factors must be taken into account for the computed twisting moment (T ) and bending moment (M ).

A

Line and countershafts

121
Q

Design on basis of rigidity

A

Torsional rigidity and Lateral Rigidity

122
Q

is important in the case of camshaft of an I.C. engine where the timing of the valves would be affected.

A

Torsional Rigidity

123
Q

The permissible amount of twist should not exceed 0.25° per meter length of such shafts

A

Torsional Rigidity

124
Q

deflections 2.5 to 3 degree per meter length may be used as limiting value.

A

For line shafts or transmission shafts

125
Q

Standard limitation of deflection

A

1 degree in a length equal to twenty times the diameter of the shaft.

126
Q

Deflection in shaft is countered by what property?

A

Torsional rigidity

127
Q

It is important in case of transmission shafting and shafts running at high speed, where small lateral deflection would cause huge out-of-balance forces.

A

Lateral Rigidity

128
Q

is also important for maintaining proper bearing clearances and for correct gear teeth alignment.

A

Lateral Rigidity

129
Q

If the shaft is of uniform cross-section

A

then the lateral deflection of a shaft may be obtained by using the deflection formulae as in Strength of Materials.

130
Q

can be defined as a machine element, which is used to connect the transmission shaft to rotating machine elements like pulley, gear, sprocket or flywheel.

A

KEY

131
Q

consisting of shaft, hub and key.

A

Key Joint

132
Q

Two functions of a key

A

Transmit torque from shaft to hub of mating element and vice versa

Prevent Relative motion between shaft and and the joined machine element such as gear and pulley. Also prevents axial motion except feather key or splined connection.

133
Q

recess or slot machines either in the shaft or in the hub to accommodate the key is called

A

Keyway

134
Q

Keyway

A

recess or slot machines either in the shaft or in the hub to accommodate the key is called

135
Q

Usual cutting tool for keyway

A

Horizontal and Vertical milling cutters

136
Q

Main drawback of keyed joint

A

keyway results in stress concentration in the shaft and the part becomes weak.

137
Q

Keys are made of

A

plain carbon steels such as 45C8 and 50C8

138
Q

what are the materials used in keys and why they are chosen?

A

Plain carbon steel such as 45C8 and 50C8 because they can withstand shear and compressive stress resulting from transmission of torque

139
Q

Classification of Keys

A

Saddle and Sunk Key, Square and Flat key, Taper or Parallel key, Key with and without gib-head, Woodruff key
Kennedy Key
Feather key

140
Q

Saddle and Sunk Key, Square and Flat key, Taper or Parallel key, Key with and without gib-head, Woodruff key
Kennedy Key
Feather key

A

Classification of Keys

141
Q

fits in keyway of the hub only (no keyway on the shaft)

A

Saddle key and sunk key

142
Q

Saddle key and sunk key

A

fits in keyway of the hub only (no keyway on the shaft)

143
Q

half of the thickness of key fits into the keyway of the shaft

A

Square key and flat key

144
Q

Square key and flat key

A

half of the thickness of key fits into the keyway of the shaft

145
Q

is a sunk key in the form of almost semicircular disk

A

Woodruff key

146
Q

Woodruff key

A

is a sunk key in the form of almost semicircular disk

147
Q

is a parallel key, which is fixed either to the shaft or to the hub

A

Feather key

148
Q

Feather key

A

is a parallel key, which is fixed either to the shaft or to the hub

149
Q

Keys are tapered and driven tightly; for heavy duty service

A

Kennedy Keys

150
Q

Kennedy Keys

A

Keys are tapered and driven tightly; for heavy duty service

151
Q

Widely used in automotive and machine tool industry

A

Woodruff key

152
Q

Selection type of key for given application depends on the following factors

A

Power to be transmitted
Tightness of the fit
Stability of the connection
Cost

153
Q

Power to be transmitted
Tightness of the fit
Stability of the connection
Cost

A

Selection type of key for given application depends on the following factors

154
Q

COUPLINGS

A

A mechanical device that permanently joints two rotating shafts to each other. The shafts that are connected by the coupling can be disengaged only after dismantling the coupling. Two main application of couplings:

Joining of shafts of two separately built or purchased units so that the new machine can be formed. For example, a coupling is used to join the shaft of an electric motor to the input shaft of a hydraulic pump.

The maximum feasible length of one-piece shaft depends upon handling facilities, presses and machine tools. Couplings are used to make long line shafts by joining individual shafts.

Besides these, couplings are also used to join shafts at angles, to compensate for misalignment between shafts, to prevent the transmissions of overload torque and to alter vibration characteristics of the drive.

155
Q

A mechanical device that permanently joints two rotating shafts to each other wherein The shafts that are connected by it

A

Coupling

156
Q

Applications of coupling

A

Joining of shaft of two separeately built or purchased unit so ne machine can be formed.

Making long line shaft by joining individual shaft.

Joining shafts at angles

Compensate for misalignment between shaft.

Prevent transmission overload torque

alter vibration characteristics of the drive.

157
Q

Requirement for good coupling

A

easy to connect and disconnect.

transmit the full power from one shaft to another.

hold shaft in perfect alignment.

reduce transmission of shock load from one shaft to another.

no projecting parts

158
Q

Types of misallignment

A

Axial misalignment - off distance
Radial misalignment - off centered but at the same plane
Angular misalignment- can be either not co axis nor co planar

159
Q

Rigid coupling

A

connects two shafts which are perfectly alligned. (axial misallignement correction)

160
Q

Types of Rigid coupling

A

Sleeve and Muff coupling
Clamp/ split-muff or compression coupling
Flange coupling

161
Q

connects two shafts having both lateral and angular misalignment

A

Flexible coupling

162
Q

Types of Flexible coupling

A

Bushed type coupling
Universal coupling
Oldham coupling

163
Q

A process by which shafts are manufactured

A

Hot rolling

164
Q

May cause distortion to the shaft when machined, especially when keyways and slots are cut

A

residual stress

165
Q
A

Machine Design (6 decks)

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