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Machine Design > Machine Design Definition > Flashcards

Machine Design Definition Flashcards

1
Q

is the creation of new and better machines and improving the existing ones

A

Machine Design

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2
Q

In designing a machine component, it is necessary to have a good knowledge of many subjects such as

A

Mathematics, Engineering Mechanics, Strength of Materials, Theory of Machines, Workshop Processes and Engineering Drawing

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3
Q

What are the different types of classification of design?

A

Adaptive Design
Development Design
New Design

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4
Q

This type of design needs no special knowledge or skill and can be attempted by designers of ordinary technical training

A

Adaptive design

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5
Q

The designer only makes minor alternation or modification in the existing designs of the product.

A

Adaptive design

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6
Q

Adaptive design

A

This type of design needs no special knowledge or skill and can be attempted by designers of ordinary technical training.The designer only makes minor alternation or modification in the existing designs of the product.

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7
Q

This type of design needs considerable scientific training and design ability in order to modify the existing designs into a new idea by adopting a new material or different method of manufacture.In this case, though the designer starts from the existing design, but the final product may differ quite markedly from the original product.

A

Development design

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8
Q

Development design

A

This type of design needs considerable scientific training and design ability in order to modify the existing designs into a new idea by adopting a new material or different method of manufacture. In this case, though the designer starts from the existing design, but the final product may differ quite markedly from the original product.

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9
Q

This type of design needs lot of research, technical ability and creative thinking. Only those designers who have personal qualities of a sufficiently high order can take up the work of this design.

A

New design.

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10
Q

What are the classifications of New Design?

A

Rational Design
Empirical Design
Industrial Design
Optimum Design

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11
Q

What are the other types of design?

A

System Design
Element Design
Computer Aided Design

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12
Q

This type of design depends upon mathematical formulae of principle of mechanics.

A

Rational design.

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13
Q

This design considers the factors such as the forces, motions then include this factors in computations (using the mechanics and dynamics of rigid and deformable bodies) and from the results, design are made

A

Rational design.

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14
Q

This type of design depends upon mathematical formulae of principle of mechanics.
This design considers the factors such as the forces, motions then include this factors in computations (using the mechanics and dynamics of rigid and deformable bodies) and from the results, design are made.

A

Rational design

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15
Q

Rational design

A

This type of design depends upon mathematical formulae of principle of mechanics.
This design considers the factors such as the forces, motions then include this factors in computations (using the mechanics and dynamics of rigid and deformable bodies) and from the results, design are made.

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16
Q

Empirical design

A

This type of design depends upon empirical formulae based on the practice and past experience.
Because of experience and continual making of designs, the designer can make designs based from experience and practice. They can predict and assume what will happen to the design.

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17
Q

This type of design depends upon empirical formulae based on the practice and past experience

A

Empirical design.

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18
Q

Because of experience and continual making of designs, the designer can make designs based from experience and practice. They can predict and assume what will happen to the design.

A

Empirical design

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19
Q

This type of design depends upon the production aspects to manufacture any machine component in the industry.
This design is for mass production. It can be influenced by factors as varied as materials, production processes, business strategy, and prevailing social, commercial, or aesthetic attitudes.

A

Industrial design.

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20
Q

Industrial design.

A

This type of design depends upon the production aspects to manufacture any machine component in the industry.
This design is for mass production. It can be influenced by factors as varied as materials, production processes, business strategy, and prevailing social, commercial, or aesthetic attitudes.

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21
Q

This type of design depends upon the production aspects to manufacture any machine component in the industry.

A

Industrial design.

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22
Q

This design is for mass production. It can be influenced by factors as varied as materials, production processes, business strategy, and prevailing social, commercial, or aesthetic attitudes.

A

Industrial design

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23
Q

It is the best design for the given objective function under the specified constraints. It may be achieved by minimizing the undesirable effects.
This design is fitted only on such requirements and cannot be used in other applications. All of the factors considered are just on that specific application and that it cannot be used to other functions. Example, bottle opener.

A

Optimum design

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24
Q

Optimum design

A

It is the best design for the given objective function under the specified constraints. It may be achieved by minimizing the undesirable effects.
This design is fitted only on such requirements and cannot be used in other applications. All of the factors considered are just on that specific application and that it cannot be used to other functions. Example, bottle opener.

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25
Q

. It is the best design for the given objective function under the specified constraints. It may be achieved by minimizing the undesirable effects

A

Optimum design

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26
Q

This design is fitted only on such requirements and cannot be used in other applications. All of the factors considered are just on that specific application and that it cannot be used to other functions. Example, bottle opener.

A

Optimum design

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27
Q

. It is the design of any complex mechanical system like a motor car

A

System design

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28
Q

System design

A

It is the design of any complex mechanical system like a motor car

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29
Q

Element design

A

It is the design of any element of the mechanical system like piston, crankshaft, connecting rod, etc.

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30
Q

Computer aided design

A

This type of design depends upon the use of computer systems to assist in the creation, modification, analysis and optimization of a design.

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31
Q

This type of design depends upon the use of computer systems to assist in the creation, modification, analysis and optimization of a design.

A

Computer aided design

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32
Q

It is the design of any element of the mechanical system like piston, crankshaft, connecting rod, etc.

A

Element design

33
Q

What are the General Considerations in Machine Design?

A

1.Type of load and stresses caused by the load.
2.Motion of the parts or kinematics of the machine
3.Selection of materials
4.Form and size of the parts.
5.Frictional resistance and lubrication.
6.Convenient and economical features.
7.Use of standard parts.
8.Safety of operation
9.Workshop facilities
10.Number of machines to be manufactured.
11.Cost of construction
12.Assembling

34
Q

Type of load and stresses caused by the load.

A

The load, on a machine component, may act in several ways due to which the internal stresses are set up.

35
Q

The load, on a machine component, may act in several ways due to which the internal stresses are set up.

A

Type of load and stresses caused by the load

36
Q

Motion of the parts or kinematics of the machine

A

The successful operation of any machine depends largely upon the simplest arrangement of the parts which will give the motion required

37
Q

What are the different kinds of motion a part can do?

A

1.Rectilinear Motion
2.Curvilinear motion
3.Constant Velocity
4.Constant or Variable Acceleration

38
Q

The successful operation of any machine depends largely upon the simplest arrangement of the parts which will give the motion required.

A

Motion of the parts or kinematics of the machine.

39
Q

includes unidirectional and reciprocating motions

A

Rectilinear motion

40
Q

Rectilinear motion

A

includes unidirectional and reciprocating motions

41
Q

includes rotary, oscillatory and simple harmonic

A

Curvilinear motion

42
Q

Curvilinear motion

A

includes rotary, oscillatory and simple harmonic

43
Q

Selection of materials

A

It is essential that a designer should have a thorough knowledge of the properties of the materials and their behavior under working conditions. Some of the important characteristics of materials are: strength, durability, flexibility, weight, resistance to heat and corrosion, ability to cast, welded or hardened, machinability, electrical conductivity, etc.

44
Q

It is essential that a designer should have a thorough knowledge of the properties of the materials and their behavior under working conditions. Some of the important characteristics of materials are: strength, durability, flexibility, weight, resistance to heat and corrosion, ability to cast, welded or hardened, machinability, electrical conductivity, etc.

A

Selection of materials

45
Q

Form and size of the parts

A

The form and size are based on judgement. The smallest practicable cross-section may be used, but it may be checked that the stresses induced in the designed cross-section are reasonably safe. In order to design any machine part for form and size, it is necessary to know the forces which the part must sustain. It is also important to anticipate any suddenly applied or impact load which may cause failure.

46
Q

The form and size are based on judgement. The smallest practicable cross-section may be used, but it may be checked that the stresses induced in the designed cross-section are reasonably safe. In order to design any machine part for form and size, it is necessary to know the forces which the part must sustain. It is also important to anticipate any suddenly applied or impact load which may cause failure.

A

Form and size of the parts

47
Q

Frictional resistance and lubrication

A

There is always a loss of power due to frictional resistance and it should be noted that the friction of starting is higher than that of running friction. It is, therefore, essential that a careful attention must be given to the matter of lubrication of all surfaces which move in contact with others, whether in rotating, sliding, or rolling bearings.

48
Q

There is always a loss of power due to frictional resistance and it should be noted that the friction of starting is higher than that of running friction. It is, therefore, essential that a careful attention must be given to the matter of lubrication of all surfaces which move in contact with others, whether in rotating, sliding, or rolling bearings.

A

Frictional resistance and lubrication

49
Q

Convenient and economical features

A

In designing, the operating features of the machine should be carefully studied. The starting, controlling and stopping levers should be located on the basis of convenient handling.

50
Q

In designing, the operating features of the machine should be carefully studied. The starting, controlling and stopping levers should be located on the basis of convenient handling.

A

Convenient and economical features

51
Q

Convenient and economical features

A

The economical operation of a machine which is to be used for production, or for the processing of material should be studied, in order to learn whether it has the maximum capacity consistent with the production of good work

52
Q

Use of standard parts

A

The use of standard parts is closely related to cost, because the cost of standard or stock parts is only a fraction of the cost of similar parts made to order.

53
Q

The use of standard parts is closely related to cost, because the cost of standard or stock parts is only a fraction of the cost of similar parts made to order.

A

Use of standard parts

54
Q

Safety of operation

A

Some machines are dangerous to operate, especially those which are speeded up to insure production at a maximum rate. Therefore, any moving part of a machine which is within the zone of a worker is considered an accident hazard and may be the cause of an injury. It is, therefore, necessary that a designer should always provide safety devices for the safety of the operator. The safety appliances should in no way interfere with operation of the machine.

55
Q

Some machines are dangerous to operate, especially those which are speeded up to insure production at a maximum rate. Therefore, any moving part of a machine which is within the zone of a worker is considered an accident hazard and may be the cause of an injury. It is, therefore, necessary that a designer should always provide safety devices for the safety of the operator. The safety appliances should in no way interfere with operation of the machine.

A

Safety of operation

56
Q

Workshop facilities

A

A design engineer should be familiar with the limitations of his employer’s workshop, in order to avoid the necessity of having work done in some other workshop. It is sometimes necessary to plan and supervise the workshop operations and to draft methods for casting, handling and machining special parts.

57
Q

A design engineer should be familiar with the limitations of his employer’s workshop, in order to avoid the necessity of having work done in some other workshop. It is sometimes necessary to plan and supervise the workshop operations and to draft methods for casting, handling and machining special parts.

A

Workshop facilities

58
Q

Number of machines to be manufactured.

A

The number of articles or machines to be manufactured affects the design in a number of ways. The engineering and shop costs which are called fixed charges or overhead expenses are distributed over the number of articles to be manufactured.

59
Q

The number of articles or machines to be manufactured affects the design in a number of ways. The engineering and shop costs which are called fixed charges or overhead expenses are distributed over the number of articles to be manufactured.

A

Number of machines to be manufactured.

60
Q

Cost of construction

A

The cost of construction of an article is the most important consideration involved in design. In some cases, it is quite possible that the high cost of an article may immediately bar it from further considerations. If an article has been invented and tests of handmade samples have shown that it has commercial value, it is then possible to justify the expenditure of a considerable sum of money in the design and development of automatic machines to produce the article, especially if it can be sold in large numbers.

61
Q

The cost of construction of an article is the most important consideration involved in design. In some cases, it is quite possible that the high cost of an article may immediately bar it from further considerations. If an article has been invented and tests of handmade samples have shown that it has commercial value, it is then possible to justify the expenditure of a considerable sum of money in the design and development of automatic machines to produce the article, especially if it can be sold in large numbers.

A

Cost of construction

62
Q

Assembling

A

Every machine or structure must be assembled as a unit before it can function. Large units must often be assembled in the shop, tested and then taken to be transported to their place of service.

63
Q

. Every machine or structure must be assembled as a unit before it can function. Large units must often be assembled in the shop, tested and then taken to be transported to their place of service.

A

Assembling

64
Q

Recognition of need

A

First of all, make a complete statement of the problem, indicating the need, aim or purpose for which the machine is to be designed.

65
Q

First of all, make a complete statement of the problem, indicating the need, aim or purpose for which the machine is to be designed.

A

Recognition of need

66
Q

Synthesis (Mechanisms)

A

Select the possible mechanism or group of mechanisms which will give the desired motion

67
Q

Select the possible mechanism or group of mechanisms which will give the desired motion

A

Synthesis (Mechanisms)

68
Q

Analysis of forces

A

Find the forces acting on each member of the machine and the energy transmitted by each member.

69
Q

Find the forces acting on each member of the machine and the energy transmitted by each member.

A

Analysis of forces

70
Q

Material selection

A

Select the material best suited for each member of the machine.

71
Q

Select the material best suited for each member of the machine.

A

Material selection

72
Q

Design of elements (Size and Stresses

A

Find the size of each member of the machine by considering the force acting on the member and the permissible stresses for the material used. It should be kept in mind that each member should not deflect or deform than the permissible limit.

73
Q

Find the size of each member of the machine by considering the force acting on the member and the permissible stresses for the material used. It should be kept in mind that each member should not deflect or deform than the permissible limit.

A

Design of elements (Size and Stresses

74
Q

Modification

A

Modify the size of the member to agree with the past experience and judgment to facilitate manufacture. The modification may also be necessary by consideration of manufacturing to reduce overall cost.

75
Q

Modify the size of the member to agree with the past experience and judgment to facilitate manufacture. The modification may also be necessary by consideration of manufacturing to reduce overall cost.

A

Modification

76
Q

Detailed drawing.

A

Draw the detailed drawing of each component and the assembly of the machine with complete specification for the manufacturing processes suggested.

77
Q

Draw the detailed drawing of each component and the assembly of the machine with complete specification for the manufacturing processes suggested.

A

Detailed drawing.

78
Q

Production.

A

The component, as per the drawing, is manufactured in the workshop.

79
Q

The component, as per the drawing, is manufactured in the workshop.

A

Production.

Machine Design (6 decks)

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