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NUR 201-Exam 2 > Sexuality- STI's > Flashcards

Sexuality- STI's Flashcards

1
Q

True or false.

Some STI’s can cross the placenta causing teratogenic affects on the fetus.

A

True

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2
Q

What is caused by HSV-1 and HSV-2?

A

Herpes Simplex Virus

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3
Q

What is HSV-1?

A

Cold sores in mouth that can be transmitted through oral sex

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4
Q

What is HSV-2?

A

Sores/lesions in genital areas transmitted sexually or through child birth

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5
Q

If a pregnant mother has active sores/lesions what kind of delivery do they have?

A

C-Section

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6
Q

How is HSV transmitted?

A

Direct contact w/ infected lesions

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7
Q

Transmission is greatest if?

A

Lesions are active

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8
Q

HSV can be asymptomatic bc they’re dormant from what?

A

Neurotropic- grows in neurons

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9
Q

How long can ulcers last from HSV if they pop and spread from the highly contagious virus from the liquid/pus?

A

Up to 6wks

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10
Q

The 1st occurrence of HSV is known as what?

A

1st outbreak

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11
Q

How long can the 1st outbreak last for?

A

Up to 12 days

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12
Q

Any other reoccurring outbreaks after the 1st one is called what?

A

Prodromal symptoms

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13
Q

How long can prodromal symptoms last for?

A

Up to 4-5 days and is less severe

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14
Q

What is the periods before or b/t episodes that are still infectious, but are asymptomatic?

A

Latency phase

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15
Q

What are s/s of HSV?

A

Painful red papules w/ small blisters of clear liquid

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16
Q

What are prodromal symptoms?

A

Itching burning, tingling, throbbing @ lesion site (legs, groin, butt)

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17
Q

What can happen to the fetus if a child bearing mother has HSV?

A

Miscarriage, PTL, IUGR

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18
Q

What 3 medications are used to treat HSV, not to cure it but to prevent a breakout of herpes sores or blisters?

A

Aciclovir, famciclovir, valaciclovir (Valtrex)

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19
Q

What HSV med has N/V as a side effect?

A

Aciclovir

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20
Q

What HSV med is given during pregnancy to keep the pt. in latency phase of HSV?

A

Valaciclovir (Valtrex)

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21
Q

What is caused by spirochete treponema pallidum that can infect any tissue body organ?

A

Syphilis

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22
Q

What is spirochete treponema pallidum highly susceptible to, but can survive in what for days?

A

Heat dry surfaces, fluids

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23
Q

How is syphilis transmitted?

A

Any break in skin and lymphatic system and through blood from sex

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24
Q

How long is the incubation period of syphilis?

A

10-90days (average 21 days)

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25
Q

How is congenital syphilis transferred to the fetus?

A

Through placental circulation (blood stream)

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26
Q

What stage of syphilis has little to no pain but is HIGHLY CONTAGIOUS/INFECTIOUS?

A

Primary stage

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27
Q

In primary stage of syphilis what are the s/s?

A

Chancre (Warning sign) and regional enlargement of lymph nodes

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28
Q

Where do the sores/lesions of syphilis appear at?

A

Genitals, rectum, mouth, and breast (@ site where contacted)

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29
Q

What are the s/s of early primary stage?

A

Macule/papule erode

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30
Q

What are the s/s of late primary stage?

A

Clean based, painless, indurated ulcer w/ smooth firm borders

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31
Q

When do s/s of primary stage syphilis usually resolve?

A

4-6wks

32
Q

When does secondary stage of syphilis occur?

A

Usually any time after primary ends, 2wks-6mon after chancre disappears

33
Q

What are s/s of secondary syphilis?

A

Whole body skin rash (especially palms/soles), mucous patches (highly contagious when broken), sore throat, generalized lymphadenopathy (Condylomata lata) HIGHLY INFECTIOUS

34
Q

When do s/s of secondary stage syphilis resolve?

A

2-6wks

35
Q

What stage of syphilis may not occur but if it does occur it’s usually 2+ years after initial infection and can last up to 50yrs?

A

Latent/Tertiary stage

36
Q

Latent/Tertiary stage is not transmitted through what, but instead is transmitted through what?

A

Sex; Blood

37
Q

In presence of HIV how is the progression of syphilis?

A

More rapid

38
Q

Other than measuring antibody production what 2 blood lab tests are done in every pregnant woman to diagnose syphilis?

A

Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) and Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR)

39
Q

What is the treatment for syphilis?

A

Penicillin G, single dose IM, and doxycycline, or tetracycline

40
Q

What is caused by chlamydia trachomatis?

A

Chlamydia

41
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis only reproduces w/in what?

A

The host cell

42
Q

How is chlamydia spread?

A

Sexual contact or baby birth canal if vaginal

43
Q

If chlamydia is not asymptomatic what are the s/s?

A

White, watery vaginal discharge and may/may not itch

44
Q

What does chlamydia affect?

A

Mom and baby’s reproductive system

45
Q

If chlamydia is not treated where does it go?

A

Upper reproductive tract causing complications of Pelvic Inflam. Disease (PID)

46
Q

What can PID cause?

A

Endometritis

47
Q

How is chlamydia diagnosed?

A

Gram stain discharge from endocervix or urethra and direct fluorescent antibody (DFA)

48
Q

How is chlamydia treated?

A

Single dose of Azithromycin (Zithromax), PO meds for 7days like doxycycline for 7-14days BID

49
Q

What is caused by the gram negative diplococcus Neisseria Gonorrhoeae?

A

Gonorrhea, the “clap”

50
Q

What type of bacteria is Neisseria Gonhorrhoeae that can cause purulent exudate?

A

Pyogenic pus forming bacteria

51
Q

How is gonorrhea transmitted?

A

hetero/homosexual intercourse or vaginal delivery

52
Q

What are the s/s in men for gonorrhea?

A

Dysuria and serous, milky, purulent discharge

53
Q

What are the s/s in women for gonorrhea?

A

Dysuria, urinary frequency, and abnormal menses

54
Q

What can gonorrhea cause in men?

A

Epididymitis

55
Q

What is epididymitis?

A

Painful testicles from inflam of tube at back of testicle

56
Q

What can gonorrhea cause in women?

A

Infetility

57
Q

What is the treatment for gonorrhea?

A

Antibiotics after swab of drip like cefttriaxone PO or PO erythromycin

58
Q

What is caused by the human papillomavirus?

A

Genital warts

59
Q

Why are women at greater risk for genital warts?

A

Bc have bigger mucous area

60
Q

How is genital warts transmitted?

A

Vaginal, anal, or oral-genital contact

61
Q

How long is the incubation period for genital warts?

A

6wks-8mon

62
Q

True or false.

Genital warts are chronic, asymptomatic and incurable.

A

True

63
Q

What type of genital wart have cauliflower shaped lesions?

A

Condylomata acuminata

64
Q

What type of genital warts have thick hard lesions?

A

Keratotic warts

65
Q

What type of genital warts have smooth lesions?

A

Papular warts

66
Q

What type of genital warts have slightly raised lesions that are invisible to the naked eye?

A

Flat warts

67
Q

How is genital warts diagnoses?

A

HPV DNA test and clinical appearance

68
Q

How is genital warts treated?

A

Removal of warts, relief of s/s, health teaching to prevent reoccurrence

69
Q

What type of meds are used for genital warts?

A

Topical agents: Podofilox, Imiquimod, Podophyllin, and trichloroacetic acid

70
Q

What topical agent is contraindicated during pregnancy bc it can cause N/V, diarrhea and coma?

A

Podophyllin

71
Q

What vaccine is given to prevent genital warts/HPV infection?

A

Gardasil

72
Q

What procedures are done to remove the warts?

A

Cryotherapy, electrocautery, laser, surgical excision

73
Q

What bacterial infection is often carried in the intestines and lower genital tract?

A

Streptococcus B-Hemolytic (Group B Strep-GBS)

74
Q

How can Streptococcus B-Hemolytic be passed on to the infant?

A

During labor causing serious complications

75
Q

How is streptococcus B-hemolytic diagnosed?

A

Vaginal and rectal swab ay 36-37wks gestation

76
Q

If GBS is positive what is done?

A

Penicillin given 4hrs prior to delivery for less transmission to baby

NUR 201-Exam 2 (10 decks)

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