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Evolutionary Psychology 1 > Sexual Strategies 4 > Flashcards

Sexual Strategies 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What do buss and Schmitt 1993 sexual strategy theory claim ?

A

ST + sexual access = multiple mates
ST + mutual obligation = limited
ST + duration = limited

LT + sexual access = exclusive
LT + mutual obligation = extensive
LT + duration= to child rearing

Females have a valuable resource to protect.
Makes have a valuable resource to compete for.

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2
Q

What are the principles of SST?

A

Males and females have different:

Reproductive constraints
Adaptive problems
Psychological mechanisms

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3
Q

What do males short term mating strategy involve?

A
  • finding fertile woman
  • identify sexually available woman
  • minimise investment
  • maximise no of partners
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4
Q

What are the benefits of males short term mating strategies?

A

Direct increase in reproductive fitness

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5
Q

What are the costs of males short term mating strategies?

A
  • conflicts with other males
  • damaging to long term strategies
  • costly in terms of energy time and resources
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6
Q

What 3 predictions do buss and Schmitt make about males short term strategies?

A
  1. Lower standards in men than in women
  2. Men minimise time between meeting and intercourse
  3. Men will avoid short term mates requiring commitment
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7
Q

What is a supporting study for men having lower standards than women?

A

Ragen et al 2000

  • both emphasised sexual desirability for short term partner
  • men emphasised sexual desirability more than women
  • women valued social status
  • for long term partner both importance on similarity and socially appealing personality characteristics
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8
Q

What did Schmitt 2010 find ?

A

Supporting lower standards in men than women.

  • Men have greater desire for st mate.
  • Men prefer larger number of partners.
  • Men require less time before consenting to sex.
  • Also suggests women weren’t solely designed for LT mates.
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9
Q

What did Clarke and hatfeild 1989 find ?

A

Men more eager for sex, supports men minimising delay between meeting and intercourse

Go for coffee- both 50
Go apartment- men 70 women 10
Have sex- men 75 women 0

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10
Q

What does the work of greitmeyer 2005 suggest?

A
  • found men always reported a greater willingness to accept offers if person physically attractive for ST.
  • men high willingness to all offers.
  • women greater willingness to accept less intimate offers.
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11
Q

What study supports men will avoid short term mates requiring commitment?

A

Buss 1989-

  • Found men want a short term mate that has low commitment desire and high for long term partner.
  • also men valued signs of promiscuity in short term mates but not for long.
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12
Q

What do women’s short term sexual strategies involve?

A
  • Obtaining resources, which are direct benefits.

- Quality of partners genes are indirect benefits.

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13
Q

What are the costs of women’s short term mating strategies?

A
  • Loss of direct benefits from commitment.

- damaging to long term strategies.

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14
Q

What are the predictions for women’s short term mating strategies?

A
  1. Women more selective than men about short term mates.

2. Less women than men will use short term strategies.

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15
Q

What studies support women are more selective than men about short term mates?

A

Li and Kendrick 2006
- found women support a good genes account of short term mating.

Greitmeyer 2005

  • found men more eager for short term.
  • so shows women more choosy.
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16
Q

What study supports less women than men will use short term strategies?

A

Schmitt, shackelford and buss 2010

-found men more oriented to short term mating strategies.

17
Q

What studies are evidence of women’s short term strategies?

A

Pound 2002

  • sperm competition from porn.
  • men found cues to sperm competition sexually arousing- an evolved to short term strategies by women.

Simmons et al 2004

  • 22% of women reported in engaging in extrapair coupulations
  • and found extrapair paternity was 2%
  • suggest risk of sperm competition low
18
Q

What did buss 1989 find ?

A
  • 37 countries.
  • Men and women numerous traits on importance.
  • desirable qualities in a mate:
    1. Willing to commit.
    2. good parenting.
    3. Good genes.
  • men willing and able to invest.
  • woman with high reproductive value.
19
Q

What are the costs of women’s long term strategies?

A

Loss of direct benefits from good genes.

20
Q

What are the benefits from women’s long term strategies?

A

Direct benefits in the form of resources

21
Q

What preferences do women have for men for long term?

A

-Good financial prospect Buss 1989- GFP significantly preferred by women in many countries japan China USA Croatia.
-high social status
Regan et al 2000
Women preferred high social status.
-industriousness
-older

22
Q

What is the ideal male partner? (6)

A
  • emotionally stable
  • sociable
  • committed
  • good financial prospect
  • slightly older
  • well educated
23
Q

What are the non universal preferences for an ideal male?

A
  • pleasant disposition
  • good health
  • ambition
  • desire for family life
24
Q

What are the costs of males long term mating strategies?

A

Possible loss of direct fitness through short term strategies

25
Q

What are the benefits of males long term mating strategies?

A

Stand to attract a higher quality mate

26
Q

What are males benefits of commitment?

A
  • can attract a higher quality mate through provision of resources.
  • women might require it.
  • more of an increase in paternal certainty.
  • increased survival of children with two parents.
27
Q

What studies support men preferring reproductive value?

A

Buss 1990-
Men in all cultures preferred younger wives.

Kenrick et al 1996-
Teenagers prefer older women.

28
Q

Why did a preference for beauty evolve?

A

-physical appearance provides clues on reproductive value.
-men who had an attraction to these cues had more offspring.
Buss 1989-
Modern humans have inherited wisdom on who to mate with.

29
Q

Physical appearance plays a crucial role in spousal satisfaction. What study supports this?

A

McNulty 2008-
Physical appearance crucial.
-if wife more attractive then satisfactory for both.
-if husban more attractive then they were less satisfied.

30
Q

What is the ideal long term female? (5)

A
  • committed
  • well educated
  • sociable
  • good looks
  • younger
31
Q

What are the non universal preferences for the ideal female?

A
  • desire for family life
  • dependable
  • pleasant disposition
  • good health

Evolutionary Psychology 1 (7 decks)

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