Biological Bases Of Beauty 5 Flashcards
What did slater 1998 find?
2mth preferences for attractive faces
What did Cunningham 1995 find ?
Neonate characteristics, sexual maturity and expressiveness all equate to attractiveness
What does little et al 2011 suggest about facial symmetry?
It’s universally preferred in faces.
What does manning et al 1998 suggest?
Symmetry linked to sperm speed and count
What does moller 1995 suggest?
Asymmetry for women less of a predictor for attractiveness than men.
What is the perceptual bias account ?
Tendency to notice some aspects and ignore the rest
What does sasaki 2005 suggest about symmetry?
It’s enhanced in the visual Cortex and little activity else where
What does little and jones 2003 suggest
Symmetry preferences greater when face images are upright. Goes against perceptual bias as it suggests symmetry should be consistent across orientation and axis.
What does Rhodes 2006 suggest about symmetry?
It’s the smallest predictor of attractiveness
What did peters et al 2008 find?
Many findings of fertility and sperm cant be replicated
What did langlois and roggman 1990 find?
Attractiveness increases with the number of faces added to the average.
What did tsankova and kappas 2016 find?
More average skin results in smooth even texture.
What does Rhodes 1999 find?
Shape only manipulations result in clear attractiveness differences
What does Rhodes et al 2001 find ?
Cross ethnicity agreement on averageness and attractiveness
Doesn’t matter what kind of averageness is present- equally attractive-not shapes by experience.
What did apicella 2007 find?
Averageness preferred across faces and cultures
What is a contradictory argument for averageness?
Halberstadt and Rhodes 2003
- suggests we prefer average prototypes of many stimuli
DeBruine et al 2007
- there are specific non average characteristics that are attractive
What does Johnston and franklin 1993 suggest about female facial attractiveness?
Beauties
A beautiful face has features and proportions indicative of high fertility
What did buss 1990 find?
Men from all cultures preferred younger wives
What did Singh find about WHR?
T and O stimulates fat deposits
What did wing 1991 find about WHR?
A visual cue to fertility
What did Singh find about the proportions of WHR?
0.7
What did karreman et al 2010 study?
Blind vs sighted - 0.7 preferred
What does buss and Schmitt suggest about males physical appearance?
Women value more than just physical appearance
What does penton-voak et al 1999 find?
Preference for sexual traits varies with the menstral cycle
What did Hughes and Gallup 2002 find about handicap in humans?
Men’s WHR 0.9
Dijskra and Buunk 2001
Shoulder hip ratio of 0.6
What did apciella 2014 find?
Hadza men upper body strength equates to more mating success mediated by hunting success
What did bereczkei et al 2009 find ?
Evolution led to elaborated neural system in females to assess the attractiveness and social value of male faces.
Who suggested the beauty and beast hypothesis?
Puts 2010-
- Male traits evolved to signal dominance to other men more than to attract mates.
- but females exert choice, preferring reduced levels of these traits
