Sexual Health Flashcards
What type of bacteria is gonnorhoea, and how would you test for it?
Gram -ve diplococci, NAAT testing
What bacteria causes syphillis?
Trepona Pallidum
What usually presents with primary syphillis infection?
Chancre
Presentation of vulvovaginal candidiasis?
A fungal infection with thick, white odourless discharge. Vaginal and vulval itching
Presentation of bacterial vaginosis
Fish like odour
When does secondary syphillis present?
4-10 weeks after primary syphillis infection
Which two STI’s can coexist
Gonnorhoea and chlamydia
Treatment for vulovaginal candidiasis
Intravaginal gel/pessary, topical cream, oral antifungals eg fluconazole
What can you develop after chlamydia infection?
Reactive arthritis
Describe the immunopathogenesis of HIV
Infect mucosal CD4+ cells and replication.
-CD4+ T cells recognise MHC class 2 molecules
-Activate B cells
-Activate cytotoxic T cells (CD8+)
-Cytokine release
HIV causes reduced circulating CD4+ cells and therefore increased susceptibility to infection
What and when does primary HIV infection present after infection?
2-4 weeks after infection
Fever, myalgia, maculopapular rash, pharyngitis
What infection can cause toxic megacolon?
C.diff
Which bacteria is likely in post influenza pneumonia?
Staph aureus- gram positive cocci
Which bacteria is most likely to cause pneumonia in those with COPD or bronchiecstasis?
Haemophillus influenza
Tx for pneumocystis jiroveci?
Ceftriaxone
Treatment for chlamydia?
7 day course of doxycycline
Treatment for gonorrhoea?
Ceftriaxone
Primary HIV infection?
Mild flu-like illness 2-6 weeks after infection. Some patients also develop a maculopapular rash on the upper chest, myalgia, arthralgias and fatigue.
Treatment for trichiomanoiasis?
Oral metronidazole
Genital warts are usually caused by which microorganism?
HPV 6 +11
What is Kaposi’s sarcoma caused by?
Human herpesevirus 8
What does Kaposi’s sarcomas present as?
Skin lesions that are red-purple papules or plaques. May also be seen on/under mucous membranes
Pulmonary Kaposi’s sarcoma also presents with cough, SOB, haemoptysis
Tx for bacterial vaginosis?
Metronidazole
Presentation of secondary syphillis?
Skin rash on palms +soles
Condylomata lata (painless, wart like lesions)
Lesion on mucous membranes
Generalised lymphadenopathy, fever, sore throat
What is bacterial vaginosis caused by?
Reduction of lactobacilli in vaginal flora and overproduction of anaerobic organisms such as gardenella
