Sexual Health

Question 1

What type of bacteria is gonnorhoea, and how would you test for it?

Answer 1

Gram -ve diplococci, NAAT testing

Question 2

What bacteria causes syphillis?

Answer 2

Trepona Pallidum

Question 3

What usually presents with primary syphillis infection?

Answer 3

Chancre

Question 4

Presentation of vulvovaginal candidiasis?

Answer 4

A fungal infection with thick, white odourless discharge. Vaginal and vulval itching

Question 5

Presentation of bacterial vaginosis

Answer 5

Fish like odour

Question 6

When does secondary syphillis present?

Answer 6

4-10 weeks after primary syphillis infection

Question 7

Which two STI’s can coexist

Answer 7

Gonnorhoea and chlamydia

Question 8

Treatment for vulovaginal candidiasis

Answer 8

Intravaginal gel/pessary, topical cream, oral antifungals eg fluconazole

Question 9

What can you develop after chlamydia infection?

Answer 9

Reactive arthritis

Question 10

Describe the immunopathogenesis of HIV

Answer 10

Infect mucosal CD4+ cells and replication.
-CD4+ T cells recognise MHC class 2 molecules
-Activate B cells
-Activate cytotoxic T cells (CD8+)
-Cytokine release

HIV causes reduced circulating CD4+ cells and therefore increased susceptibility to infection

Question 11

What and when does primary HIV infection present after infection?

Answer 11

2-4 weeks after infection
Fever, myalgia, maculopapular rash, pharyngitis

Question 12

What infection can cause toxic megacolon?

Answer 12

C.diff

Question 13

Which bacteria is likely in post influenza pneumonia?

Answer 13

Staph aureus- gram positive cocci

Question 14

Which bacteria is most likely to cause pneumonia in those with COPD or bronchiecstasis?

Answer 14

Haemophillus influenza

Question 15

Tx for pneumocystis jiroveci?

Answer 15

Ceftriaxone

Question 16

Treatment for chlamydia?

Answer 16

7 day course of doxycycline

Question 17

Treatment for gonorrhoea?

Answer 17

Ceftriaxone

Question 18

Primary HIV infection?

Answer 18

Mild flu-like illness 2-6 weeks after infection. Some patients also develop a maculopapular rash on the upper chest, myalgia, arthralgias and fatigue.

Question 19

Treatment for trichiomanoiasis?

Answer 19

Oral metronidazole

Question 20

Genital warts are usually caused by which microorganism?

Answer 20

HPV 6 +11

Question 21

What is Kaposi’s sarcoma caused by?

Answer 21

Human herpesevirus 8

Question 22

What does Kaposi’s sarcomas present as?

Answer 22

Skin lesions that are red-purple papules or plaques. May also be seen on/under mucous membranes
Pulmonary Kaposi’s sarcoma also presents with cough, SOB, haemoptysis

Question 23

Tx for bacterial vaginosis?

Answer 23

Metronidazole

Question 24

Presentation of secondary syphillis?

Answer 24

Skin rash on palms +soles
Condylomata lata (painless, wart like lesions)
Lesion on mucous membranes
Generalised lymphadenopathy, fever, sore throat

Question 25

What is bacterial vaginosis caused by?

Answer 25

Reduction of lactobacilli in vaginal flora and overproduction of anaerobic organisms such as gardenella