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Phase 3A > Sexual Health > Flashcards

Sexual Health Flashcards

1
Q

Most common STI?

A

Chlamydia

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2
Q

Presentation of Chlamydia?

A
  • Mainly asymptomatic
  • Pus/White discharge
  • Dysuria
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3
Q

What kind of organism is Trachomatis?

A

Obligate, intracellular Gm neg

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4
Q

Investigation for Chlamydia?

A

NAAT testing
F - vulvovaginal swab
M - first void urine

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5
Q

Treatment of Chlamydia?

A

7 days of doxycycline
Azithro/Erythro if pregnant

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6
Q

What organism causes Gonorrhoea?

A

Neisseria Gonorrhoea - gram neg diplococcus

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7
Q

Symptoms of Gonorrhoea?

A
  • Pus/White discharge
  • Dysuria
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8
Q

Risk factors for Chlamydia?

A
  • <25
  • New/Multiple sexual partners
  • No condoms used
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9
Q

Risk factors for Gonorrhoea?

A
  • 20-29 years old
  • MSM
  • Black ancestry
  • Current/Prior STIs
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10
Q

Investigations for Gonorrhoea?

A

F - NAAT vulvovaginal swab
M - first void urine

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11
Q

Treatment for Gonorrhoea?

A

IM Ceftriaxone if no cultures/sensitivity
Consider using ciprofloxacin if sensitive

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12
Q

Complications for gonorrhoea in pregnancy?

A
  • Premature labour
  • Miscarriage
  • Vertical transmission to child: Opthalmia neonatorum
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13
Q

Presentation of Herpes?

A

Multiple, painful ulcers

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14
Q

Symptoms of primary herpes infection?

A
  • Fever and myalgia
  • Painful blisters on genitals
  • Lymphoedema
  • Discharge and dysuria
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15
Q

Investigation for Herpes?

A

NAAT

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16
Q

Treatment for Herpes?

A

PO Aciclovir

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17
Q

Syphillis Presentation?

A

Single, painless papule erodes deeper into an ulcer with clear base, clear serum and rounded edges (chancre)

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18
Q

Investigation for Syphillis

A

Blood serology for virus

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19
Q

Organism which causes syphillis?

A

Treponema Pallidum

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20
Q

Tx for Syphillis?

A

IM Benzathine Benyzlpenicillin

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21
Q

Presentation of Thrush/Candida?

A
  • Cottage cheese discharge
  • Itchy, red inflamed vulva/glans
  • Superficial dyspareunia
22
Q

Risk factors for Candida?

A
  • Diabetes
  • Use of broad spec Abx
  • AIDS
23
Q

Tx for Candida?

A

Oral fluconazole is first line
If pregnant, topical clotrimazole

24
Q

Presentation of Bacterial Vaginosis (Gardenerella)?

A
  • Grey/Yellow, fishy thin discharge
25
Q

Ix for BV?

A
  • +ve Whiff test
  • Microscopy: clue cells
  • Increased pH > 4.5
26
Q

Tx for BV?

A

PO Metronidazole 2g one off

27
Q

Presentation of Trichomonas Vaginalis?

A
  • Yellow/Green, frothy discharge
  • Itchy
  • Dysuria
  • Offensive odour
  • Strawberry cervix
28
Q

Organism of Trichomonas?

A
  • Flagella, protozoa parasite
29
Q

Investigations for Trichomonas?

A
  • Wet microscopy - trophozoites
30
Q

Tx for Trichomonas?

A

PO Metronidazole 2g one off

31
Q

Abx of choice for Pneumocystitis Pneumonia in HIV patient?

A

Co-trimoxazole

32
Q

Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)

A
  • MSM is risk factor
  • Associated with chlamydia
  • Painless ulcer which progresses to form painful buboes (groove sign)
  • Fever
  • Malaise
  • Doxycycline Tx
33
Q

What is Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction

A

Acute febrile reaction associated with syphillis
Tx with paracetamol and reassurance

34
Q

RUQ pain in someone with PID/STI

A

Think Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome -> treat with Abx for the underlying infection/pain relief

35
Q

Which viruses cause genital herpes?

A

HSV-1 (most common), HSV-2

36
Q

Which viruses cause genital warts?

A

HPV 6,11

37
Q

How do genital warts present?

A

Hard/soft painless lesions on the genitals

38
Q

How are genital warts managed?

A
  • Can be managed conservatively
  • Podophyllotoxin/Imiquimod/Cryotherapy
39
Q

What malignancies can be associated with AIDS?

A
  • Non-Hodgkins lymphoma
  • Invasive cervical cancer
  • HIV related Hodgkins
  • HIV related anal cancer
40
Q

What is molluscum contagiosum?

A

A skin infection caused by molluscum contagiosum - poxvirus

41
Q

How does molluscum present?

A
  • Small, smooth pearly coloured papules with central area of umbilication
  • Common on genitals
42
Q

How is molluscum managed?

A
  • STI screen if indicated
  • Cryotherapy/topical treatments
  • Curettage
43
Q

What are features of secondary syphillis?

A
  • 6-10 weeks after primary infection
  • Fever, lymphadenopathy
  • Rash on trunk, palms
  • Snail track ulcers in mouth
  • Painless, warts on genitals
44
Q

What are features of tertiary syphilis?

A
  • Gummas (granulomatous lesions of skin and bones)
  • Aortic aneurysms
  • Argyll-Robertson pupil
45
Q

How is syphilis investigated?

A
  • Often a clinical diagnosis + serology
  • TP-EIA test is more complex but specific for syphilis
46
Q

Which organism causes BV?

A

Gardnerella vaginalis

47
Q

How is syphilis transmitted?

A

Through direct contact with sores/rash during sex

48
Q

How does tertiary syphilis present?

A
  • Can be 20-40 years after the primary infection
  • Can cause aortitis, arteritis, aortic regurg
  • Dementia, Argyll-Robertson pupil (bilateral small pupils which do not constrict)
49
Q

How does congenital syphilis present?

A
  • Can be after birth or during infancy
  • Rash of palms of soles/feet, lesions in mouth/genitals
  • Anaemia, hepatosplenomegaly
  • Seizures
50
Q

What is the treatment for neurosyphillis?

A

IV benzathine benzylpenicillin

51
Q

Gold standard investigation to diagnose Fitz-Hugh-Curtis?

A

Laparoscopy

Phase 3A (10 decks)

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