Sexual and urinary tract infections Flashcards
What are the signs and symptoms of gonorrhea?
urethral/vaginal discharge, dysuria. Can be asymptomatic.
How is gonorrhea diagnosed?
Culture of urethral or cervical swab
PCR on first voided volume of urine
What is the treatment for gonorrhea?
Ceftriaxone or ciprofloxacin
What histopathological sign can indicate a chlamydia infection?
Owl eye cellular inclusions
How is chlamydia diagnosed?
PCR on first voided urine
What is the classification of chlamydia trachomatis?
A pleomorphic, gram-negative, obligate intracellular bacterium.
What is the difference between chlamydia tracomatis A-C and D-K?
A-C typically causes infections of the eyes and can lead to trachoma.
D-K typically infect the genitourinary tract
What antibiotics are prescribed for chlamydia?
Azithromycin and tetracycline
What are the symptoms of trichomonas vaginalis?
Offensive vaginal discharge and itch
What is the treatment for trichomonas vaginalis?
Metronidazole
What is the common term for candida albicans infection?
Thrush
Which medicine is typically given for candida infections?
Fluconazole
What is the pattern of progression of syphilis infection?
1) Development of a painless penile or vulval chancre which resolves within 4-6 weeks
2) Years later patients develop rashes on their hands and skin
3) tertiary syphilis- degeneration of the dorsal column leads to glove and stocking peripheral neuropathy and finally paralysis and insanity.
What medication is used to treat syphilis?
Penicillin
What are the 3 clusters of UTIs?
Urethral- dysuria and frequency
Bladder- suprapubic heaviness and tenderness
Pyelonephritis- loin pain, rigors, bacteraemia, pyrexia, leukocytosis
