Sex Hormone (lec 22-23)

Question 1

Menstrual cycle stages?

Answer 1

Folliculogenesis/Proliferation
Ovulation
Luteal/Secretory
Menstruation

Question 2

Folliculogenesis driven by?

Causes?

Answer 2

FSH

↑ estrogen -> ↑ endometrium

Question 3

Ovulation driven by?

Causes?

Answer 3

high estrogen positive feedback releases LH

LH surge -> Ovulation/Luteinization

Question 4

Luteal/Secretory driven by?

Answer 4

LH

maintains corpus luteum -> prdxn of progesterone maintains endometrium

Question 5

Menstruation drive by?

Answer 5

loss of LH -> loss of corpus luteum -> loss of estrogen/progest

Question 6

Menopause results in?

Answer 6

↓ ovarian response to gonadotropins -> ↓ ovarian steroids/↑ gonadotropins

Question 7

Menopause sxs:

Vasomotor

GU

Osteoporosis

Hemo

Answer 7

Vasomotor: Hot flashes, HA. palp, insomnia

GU: dry, atrophy, pain

Osteo: ↓ bone mass

Hemo: ↑ cholesterol, ↓ HDL

Question 8

Hormones Replacement Therapy used when?

Answer 8

Hysterectomies (estrogen only)
Φ ovarian development
Postmeno sxs

More benefit if < 10 yrs postmeno

Question 9

HRT adverse effects?

Answer 9

Progestin-induced endometrial CA
Breast CA
CV
Gallbladder dz