sex,gender and androgyny

Question 1

define sex

Answer 1

biological characteristics
- XY male
-XX female
chromosomal patterns that determine what reproductive organs you have

Question 2

define gender

Answer 2

social construct of how society defines what it means to be a man or a woman
- masculine or feminine traits

Question 3

define androgyny

Answer 3

combination of male and female characteristics

Question 4

define transgender

Answer 4

individual whose gender identity differs from biological sex

Question 5

what are sex role stereotypes?

Answer 5

• based on societal expectations
• reinforced from birth
• socialised into gender role

Question 6

describe Bem’s 1974 Androgyny study

Answer 6

• created the Bem Sex Role Inventory questionnaire
• used a scale of 60 traits, 20 masc, 20 fem, 20 neutral
• traits decided by 100 american undergrads
• 7 point licket scale

Question 7

what were the findings of Bem’s study?

Answer 7

• more people were androgynous
• led her to develop her gender schema theory
• Bem suggested those with androgynous cognitive styles were mentally healthier

Question 8

AO3= support for parental influence

Answer 8

Smith and Lloyd- filmed mothers playing with a baby dressed and named as either a b/g
- found mothers offered diff toys based on percieved sex
- leads t socialisatio into gender roles based on gender expectations

Question 9

AO3= support for androgyny and psychological health

Answer 9

• Prakesh tested 100 married females in India on masculinity, feminity and health
• females with high masculity had lower depression scores
• positive correlation
• supports that androgyny has a psychoprotective effect exp.
• validity

Question 10

AO3= high external validity

Answer 10

BSRI has a high test-retest reliability score with corellation score of 0.76 to 0.94
- consistent over time

Question 11

AO3= lacks temporal validity

Answer 11

Hoffman and borders asked 400 undergrads to rate items on BSRI as masc or fem and only 2 stayed the same
- attitude have changed